ExoPTF远红外干涉测量学的独特功能：探测行星系统的形成，发现和表征系外行星
ExoPTF Science Uniquely Enabled by Far-IR Interferometry: Probing the Formation of Planetary Systems, and Finding and Characterizing Exoplanets
摘要：
通过提供25 - 400微米波长范围内的敏感亚弧秒图像和积分场光谱，远红外干涉仪将彻底改变我们对行星系统形成的理解，通过它们引起的盘扰动揭示否则无法检测到的行星，并以光谱探测太阳系外巨行星的大气层，这些行星的轨道是我们太阳系中大多数行星的典型轨道。与远红外干涉测量相关的技术挑战相对于在较短波长或需要星光归零时遇到的技术挑战而言大大放松。一个最大基线长度为36米的结构连接远红外干涉仪可以解析新生和发达系外行星系统中有趣的空间结构，并以对TPF-I任务规划至关重要的灵敏度水平测量系外黄道辐射。空间红外干涉望远镜是远红外/亚毫米空间天文学共同体计划中推荐的，作为探测级任务进行研究，估计耗资8亿美元。欧洲、日本和加拿大的科学界也通过飞行任务规划讲习班和技术研究对远红外干涉测量法表现出浓厚的兴趣，这表明有可能开展国际合作。
英文摘要：
By providing sensitive sub-arcsecond images and integral field spectroscopy in the 25 - 400 micron wavelength range, a far-IR interferometer will revolutionize our understanding of planetary system formation, reveal otherwise-undetectable planets through the disk perturbations they induce, and spectroscopically probe the atmospheres of extrasolar giant planets in orbits typical of most of the planets in our solar system. The technical challenges associated with interferometry in the far-IR are greatly relaxed relative to those encountered at shorter wavelengths or when starlight nulling is required. A structurally connected far-IR interferometer with a maximum baseline length of 36 m can resolve the interesting spatial structures in nascent and developed exoplanetary systems and measure exozodiacal emission at a sensitivity level critical to TPF-I mission planning. The Space Infrared Interferometric Telescope was recommended in the Community Plan for Far-IR/Submillimeter Space Astronomy, studied as a Probe-class mission, and estimated to cost 800M dollars. The scientific communities in Europe, Japan, and Canada have also demonstrated a keen interest in far-IR interferometry through mission planning workshops and technology research, suggesting the possibility of an international collaborative effort.
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