当磁相互作用由于晶格的拓扑结构而不能同时满足时,磁系统是奇异态出现的肥沃土壤-这种情况称为几何挫折。尖晶石AB 2 O 4可以实现角共享四面体的最高挫败网络。在尖晶石中发现了一些新的态,如复合自旋团簇和新的电荷有序态。本文利用中子和同步辐射X射线散射研究了HgCr_2 O_4在外加磁场H.当电场作用在Neel基态时,在H ~ 10 T处发生相变,四面体从倾斜的Neel态转变为自旋为S/2的分数自旋态,晶格从正交对称性转变为立方对称性.我们的结果提供了自旋态和晶格畸变之间的微观一一对应。
英文摘要:
Magnetic systems are fertile ground for the emergence of exotic states when the magnetic interactions cannot be satisfied simultaneously due to the topology of the lattice - a situation known as geometrical frustration. Spinels, AB2O4, can realize the most highly frustrated network of corner-sharing tetrahedra. Several novel states have been discovered in spinels, such as composite spin clusters and novel charge-ordered states. Here we use neutron and synchrotron X-ray scattering to characterize the fractional magnetization state of HgCr2O4 under an external magnetic field, H. When the field is applied in its Neel ground state, a phase transition occurs at H ~ 10 Tesla at which each tetrahedron changes from a canted Neel state to a fractional spin state with the total spin, Stet, of S/2 and the lattice undergoes orthorhombic to cubic symmetry change. Our results provide the microscopic one-to-one correspondence between the spin state and the lattice distortion.
The low temperature lattice structure and magnetic properties of Co$_{2.75}$Fe$_{0.25}$O$_4$ ferrite have been investigated using experimental results from synchrotron x-ray diffraction (SXRD), dc magnetization, ac susceptibility, neutron diffraction and neutron depolarization techniques. The samples have been prepared by chemical co-precipitation of the Fe and Co nitrates solution in high alkaline medium and subsequent thermal annealing of the precipitates in the temperature range of 200- 900 $^\circ$C. Rietveld refinement of the SXRD patterns at room temperature indicated two-phased cubic sp…
Magnetic Field Induced Transition in Vanadium Spinels
研究了钒尖晶石$A$ V $_2$ O $_4$($A$ = Cd,Mg)在高达65 T的脉冲磁场中的磁性能。在单晶MgV $_4$ $_2$ O中观察到在$μ_0 H \approx$ 40 T处的磁化跳变,表明在两个不同的磁级之间存在场诱导的量子相变。在多铁性CdV $_2$ O $_4$中,场诱导跃迁伴随着对电极化的强度的抑制。通过模拟钒尖晶石的强自旋-轨道耦合特性的存在下的磁性,我们表明,这两个功能的场诱导的转变可以成功地解释包括本地三角晶场的影响。
In this study, we have performed the magnetocaloric effect and the specific heat measurements of chromium spinel oxide HgCr$_2$O$_4$, wherein the magnetic Cr$^{3+}$ ions form a highly frustrated pyrochlore lattice with significant spin-lattice coupling. In addition to the known magnetic-field-induced phases, our thermodynamic measurements detect a novel quantum phase just before the saturation of the magnetization, which has not been expected from the classical theories of the pyrochlore lattice antiferromagnet with spin-lattice coupling. Based on recent theoretical model calculation, we discu…
Magnetic and Structural Properties of A-Site Ordered Chromium Spinel Sulfides: Alternating Antiferromagnetic and Ferromagnetic Interactions in the Breathing Pyrochlore Lattice
Approaching the Ground State of Frustrated A-site Spinels: A Combined Magnetization and Polarized Neutron Scattering Study
我们重新研究磁阻挫,{ \it金刚石晶格反铁磁体}尖晶石FeAl $_2$ O $_4$和MnAl $_2$ O $_4$使用磁化测量和极化中子的漫散射。在FeAl $_2$ O $_4$中,宏观测量证实了在13 K附近零场冷却磁化率的“尖点”。动态磁化率和{ \it记忆效应}实验提供的结果不符合该材料中的典型自旋玻璃情形。通过极化中子散射研究,证实了FeAl $_2$ O $_4$在低至4~K的温度范围内不存在长程磁序。通过模拟粉末平均微分磁中子散射截面,我们估计,在这种化合物中的自旋-自旋相关延伸到第三个最近邻壳。Landé $g$因子的估计值指向Fe $^{2+}$的轨道贡献。这也得到了居里-外斯磁化率分析的支持。而MnAl $_2$ O $_4$在低于$\approx$ 40~K时发生磁相变,进入长程有序态,这一点得到了宏观测量和极化中子衍射的证实。然而,极化中子研究揭示了显著的自旋涨落与长程反铁磁有序共存的存在。磁扩散强度表明与FeAl $_2$ O $_4$类似的短程有序。本工作的结果支持自旋自旋相关性的重要性,在理解磁响应的挫折磁铁一样,$A$网站尖晶石具有主导的短程自旋相关性,让人想起“自旋液体”状态。
Spin Canting and Orbital Order in Spinel Vanadate Thin Films
我们报道了CoV $_2$ O $_4$的外延薄膜生长和表征,这是一种近巡回尖晶石钒酸盐,生长在(001)SrTiO $_3$上。的对称性降低的晶胞从立方的散装正交的薄膜相比,散装的磁各向异性的结果在显着的差异,从结构和磁性表征确定。大块立方CoV $_2$ O $_4$与预测不符,轨道简并似乎持续到非常低的温度,在磁化和中子实验中只有小的异常,表明T = 90 K时可能发生自旋/轨道玻璃化转变。在本文提出的外延薄膜中,结构上将CoV $_2$ O $_4$从立方对称性中调谐出来导致完全不同的低温非共线基态。通过磁化和中子散射测量,我们表明,90 K的转变是与一个主要的自旋重取向远离亚铁磁易轴[001]的[110]方向。此外,V-自旋倾斜远离该方向,提取的垂直力矩提供了与体积相比更大的倾斜角的证据。该结果表明,压缩应变将系统更深地推入绝缘状态,即,远离本地-流动的交叉制度。
Magnetism and electronic dynamics in $CuCr_{2-x}Sn_xS_4$ spinels studied by transferred hyperfine fields at $^{119}Sn$ and muon spin rotation and relaxation
This review summarizes more than 100 years of research on spinel compounds, mainly focusing on the progress in understanding their magnetic, electronic, and polar properties during the last two decades. Many spinel compounds are magnetic insulators or semiconductors; however, a number of spinel-type metals exists including superconductors and some rare examples of d-derived heavy-fermion compounds. In the early days, they gained importance as ferrimagnetic or even ferromagnetic insulators with relatively high saturation magnetization and high ordering temperatures, with magnetite being the fir…
Multiferroicity in the Presence of Exchange Bias: The Case of Spinel CoMn2O4
School of Physical Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University(贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁大学物理科学学院);Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University(贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁大学纳米科学特别中心)
The mixed-valent spinel LiV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ is known as the first oxide heavy-fermion system. There is a general consensus that a subtle interplay of charge, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom of correlated electrons plays a crucial role in the enhancement of quasi-particle mass, but the specific mechanism has remained yet elusive. A charge-ordering (CO) instability of V$^{3+}$ and V$^{4+}$ ions that is geometrically frustrated by the V pyrochlore sublattice from forming a long-range CO down to $T$ = 0 K has been proposed as a prime candidate for the mechanism. To uncover the hidden CO instabil…
We report magnetic properties in the random spinel magnet CoGa2O4. Rietveld analysis of the x-ray diffraction profile for CoGa2O4 reveals that the Co and Ga ions are distributed randomly in the tetrahedral A-sites and octahedral B-sites in the cubic spinel structure. CoGa2O4 exhibits a spin-glass transition at TSG = 8.2 K that is confirmed by measurements of the dc- and ac-susceptibilities and thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) that develops below TSG. From the frequency dependence of the freezing temperature Tf for CoGa2O4, it is indicated that the relaxation time follows a Vogel-Fulcher law.…
We investigate the effect of spin-lattice coupling (SLC) on the magnetic properties of the classical kagome-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet (KHAF) using improved Monte Carlo updates. The lattice modes are represented by Einstein site phonons, which introduce effective further-neighbor spin interactions in addition to the nearest-neighbor biquadratic interactions. In the weak SLC, the macroscopically degenerate coplanar ground state remains at zero field, while a $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ ordered phase accompanied by a 1/3-magnetization plateau appears in external magnetic fields. In the st…
Neutron diffraction, magnetization and muon spin relaxation measurements, supplemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to unravel temperature-driven magnetization reversal (MR) in inverse spinel Co$_2$VO$_4$. All measurements show a second-order magnetic phase transition at $T_{\rm C} = 168$\,K to a collinear ferrimagnetic phase. The DFT results suggest the moments in the ferrimagnetic phase are delocalized and undergo gradual localization as the temperature is lowered below $T_{\rm C}$. The delocalized-localized crossover gives rise to a maximum magnetization at $…
Spin-lattice coupling in frustrated antiferromagnets
本文综述了自旋-晶格耦合在消除烧绿石反铁磁体,特别是尖晶石氧化物的几何阻挫中的作用机制。烧绿石晶格的组成单元四面体单元在晶格自由度与反铁磁性耦合时发生自旋驱动的Jahn-Teller不稳定性。通过限制我们的考虑,以保持平移对称性的晶格的扭曲,我们提出了一个一般的理论,集体自旋Jahn-Teller效应的烧绿石晶格。预测的晶格畸变之一打破了反转对称性,并产生了手性烧绿石晶格,其中受挫键形成具有一定手性的螺旋。手性通过自旋轨道耦合转移到自旋系统,导致长周期螺旋状态,如在尖晶石CdCr 2 O 4中观察到的。我们讨论了利用局域声子模的自旋-晶格耦合的显式模型,以及它们在其他阻挫磁体中的应用。
Magnetic Transitions under Ultrahigh Magnetic Fields of up to 130 T in the Breathing Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet LiInCr4O8
利用脉冲磁场研究了自旋为3/2的反铁磁体LiInCr 4 O 8在高达130 T的交变磁场下的磁化过程.在90 T ~ 130 T范围内,LiInCr_4 O_8具有较强的自旋-晶格耦合,与传统的铬尖晶石氧化物相似. LiGa 0.125 In 0.875 Cr 4 O 8的磁化强度在低温下的结构和磁转变被完全抑制,在13 T以上突然增加,表明在四聚体单重基态和总自旋为1的激发态之间存在2.2 meV的自旋间隙,后者通过施加磁场而稳定。呼吸烧绿石反铁磁体是一个独特的阻挫系统,具有很强的自旋-晶格耦合和键的交替。
Mechanisms of degeneracy breaking in pyrochlore antiferromagnets
受几种尖晶石型铬铁矿低温磁化曲线的启发,我们从理论上研究了烧绿石型反铁磁体简并提升的经典机制。我们的主要重点是自旋交换晶格畸变的耦合。Penc等人先前的工作(Phys. Rev. Lett. 93,197203(2004))已经证明,与实验一致,这种耦合在每自旋饱和力矩的一半处导致稳健的磁化平台。我们表明,一个简单的爱因斯坦模型,结合当地网站扭曲产生了一个“普遍的”磁秩序的高原,并强调了不同的预测,从这个模型在Penc等人。93,197203(2004))。我们还考虑了进一步邻居交换相互作用的互补简并提升效应。我们讨论了在高场和低场端,以及在接近饱和值的领域的过渡的影响。我们预测,在某些情况下,有自发的{\sl均匀} XY磁化(横向的字段)的字段值刚好高于平台。这些特征可以在实验中测试。当在半磁化平台中选择一个独特的磁序时,在零磁场下,爱因斯坦模型保留了广泛的简并,尽管与纯海森堡反铁磁体相比显著降低。
Tetragonal distorted spinel of CuMn2-xTixO4 (x = 0, 0.25 and 0.50) was prepared by solid state reaction method followed by neutron diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, dielectric spectroscopy and magnetization measurements. The neutron diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy provide the information regarding phase formation. But, the magnetic susceptibility clearly shows the ferri-magnetic order below 76K associated with meta-magnetic state which turns to spin-glass behaviour upon Ti-substitution for Mn in CuMn2O4. In addition, the room temperature M(H) of all the spinels are described by the Arrott's pl…
Spin-orbit coupling in octamers in a spinel sulfide CuIr$_2$S$_4$: Competition between spin-singlet and quadrupolar states, and its relevance to remnant paramagnetism
我们从理论上研究了尖晶石型化合物CuIr $_2$ S $_4$在低温阶段形成八位簇(八聚体)的磁性。八聚体态被认为是由Peierls不稳定性通过$d$轨道的强各向异性诱导的自旋单重态,即所谓的轨道Peierls态。我们重新审视这幅图片,考虑到自旋轨道耦合,这是在以前的研究中被忽略。从具有强自旋轨道耦合的多轨道哈伯德模型出发,在强关联极限下进行微扰展开,得到了八聚体中Ir $^{4+}$阳离子的$j_{\rm eff}=1/2$准自旋间的低能有效模型.有效的哈密顿量是Kitaev-Heisenberg模型的形式,但有一个额外的相互作用,一个对称的非对角交换相互作用,起源于包括d-d和d-p-d跳跃的微扰过程。通过严格对角化方法分析了八聚体和两个格位上的有效哈密顿量,发现自旋单重态和四极态之间存在竞争。前一个单重态是一个传统的单重态,与轨道-佩尔斯态有着密切的联系。另一方面,后者的四极状态是稳定的额外的相互作用,它包括一个线性组合的不同的总自旋动量沿自旋量子化轴。在竞争区,该模型表现出顺磁行为与重整化小的有效力矩在低温下。在没有附加相互作用的Kitaev-Heisenberg模型中,这种特殊的剩余顺磁性是得不到的。我们的结果更新了八聚体态的图像,并为最近在μ子自旋旋转实验中观察到的内禀顺磁行为提供了一个方案[K。M. Kojima等人,物理修订版信函112,087203(2014)]…
From Chemical Complexity to Tunable Magnetic Ordering in Highly Disordered High-Entropy Spinel Oxides
Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology(塔帕尔工程技术学院);UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research(UGC-DAE科学研究联盟);Freie Universität Berlin(柏林自由大学);Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie(柏林亥姆霍兹材料与能源中心);Normandie University(诺曼底大学)