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arXiv 0706.3281astro-ph
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2003-2006年爆发期间猎户座V1647的光学和红外特性。II。喷发源的时间演化

Optical and infrared properties of V1647 Orionis during the 2003-2006 outburst. II. Temporal evolution of the eruptive source

D. Fedele, M. E. van den Ancker, M. G. Petr-Gotzens, P. Rafanelli

摘要:

新的FU Orionis类天体的出现对于理解年轻恒星的爆发机制及其在恒星形成和盘演化中的作用至关重要。我们的工作旨在研究V1647 Ori最近爆发的性质。利用光学和中红外长缝光谱,我们监测V1647猎户座爆发之间的2004年2月和2006年1月。光谱的特征是在P-Cygni剖面中有H α和H β,并有许多弱的Fe I和Fe II发射线。在连续谱和谱线发射中测量了短时间尺度的变异性。2006年1月,我们首次探测到禁发射谱线([OI]、[SII]和[FeII])。这些谱线可能是由猎户座V1647驱动的赫比格-哈罗天体产生的。猎户座V1647的中红外光谱在所有时期都是平坦的,没有特征。SED发生了巨大的变化:在爆发的早期,源比最后阶段红得多。V1647 Ori的震级上升和SED类似于FUor,而爆发的持续时间和复发类似于EXor。光谱明显不同于FUor的吸收线光谱或EXor的类金牛光谱。我们的数据是一致的磁盘不稳定事件,导致增加的质量吸积率。这些数据还表明,在恒星+盘系统周围存在一个拱星包层。奇特的N波段光谱可能是由尘埃升华在磁盘的外层。存在的信封和爆发的统计数据表明,这些不稳定性事件只发生在一个特定阶段的I类源(例如,在过渡阶段的光学可见星周围的原行星盘)。我们根据热不稳定性模型讨论了爆发机制。

英文摘要:

The occurrence of new FU Orionis-like objects is fundamental to understand the outburst mechanism in young stars and their role in star formation and disk evolution. Our work is aimed at investigating the properties of the recent outburst of V1647 Ori. Using optical and mid infrared long slit spectroscopy we monitored V1647 Ori in outburst between February 2004 and January 2006. The optical spectrum is characterized by Halpha and Hbeta in P-Cygni profile and by many weak FeI and FeII emission lines. Short timescale variability was measured in the continuum and line emission. On January 2006 we detected for the first time forbidden emission lines ([OI], [SII] and [FeII]). These lines are likely produced by an Herbig-Haro object driven by V1647 Ori. The mid infrared the spectrum of V1647 Ori is flat and featureless at all epochs. The SED changed drastically: the source was much redder in the early outburst than in the final phase. The magnitude rise and the SED of V1647 Ori resembles that of a FUor while the duration and recurrence of the outburst resemble that of a EXor. The optical spectrum is clearly distinct from either the absorption line spectrum of a FUor or the T Tauri-like spectrum of an EXor. Our data are consistent with a disk instability event which led to an increase of the mass accretion rate. The data also suggest the presence of a circumstellar envelope around the star+disk system. The peculiar N band spectrum might be explained by dust sublimation in the outer layers of the disk. The presence of the envelope and the outburst statistics suggest that these instability events occur only in a specific stage of a Class I source (e.g. in the transition phase to an optically visible star surrounded by a protoplanetary disk). We discuss the outburst mechanisms in term of the thermal instability model.

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