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arXiv 0706.3202astro-ph
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SDSS和RASS中的源匹配:哪些镓是真正的X射线源?

Source Matching in the SDSS and RASS: Which Galaxies are Really X-ray Sources?

John K. Parejko, Anca Constantin, Michael S. Vogeley, Fiona Hoyle

摘要:

目前关于星系形成的观点认为,所有大质量星系的中心都有一个大质量黑洞,但这些黑洞并不总是处于活跃的吸积阶段。X射线辐射常被用来识别吸积源,但对于没有类星体(低光度活动星系)的星系,X射线通量可能很弱,或者被尘埃遮蔽。为了帮助理解弱吸积黑洞在本地宇宙中,一个大的星系样本与X射线探测是必要的。我们将ROSAT全天巡天(RASS)与斯隆数字巡天数据发布4(SDSS DR 4)中的星系进行交叉匹配,以创建这样的样本。由于高SDSS源密度和大的RASS位置误差,交叉匹配星表被随机关联严重污染。我们调查这些调查的重叠,并提供了一个RASS-SDSS星系交叉匹配的有效性的统计检验。SDSS类星体提供了一个测试我们的交叉匹配验证方案,因为它们有一个非常高的比例真正的RASS匹配。我们发现,SDSS的主要星系样本和RASS之间的真实匹配的数量是高度依赖于星系的光谱分类,基本上没有恒星形成的星系被检测到,而超过0.6%的窄线塞弗特在RASS检测。此外,具有模糊光学分类的星系具有令人惊讶的高RASS检测分数。这使我们能够进一步限制低光度活动星系的SED。我们的技术是相当普遍的,并可以应用于任何交叉匹配的调查,以及理解的位置误差。

英文摘要:

The current view of galaxy formation holds that all massive galaxies harbor a massive black hole at their center, but that these black holes are not always in an actively accreting phase. X-ray emission is often used to identify accreting sources, but for galaxies that are not harboring quasars (low-luminosity active galaxies), the X-ray flux may be weak, or obscured by dust. To aid in the understanding of weakly accreting black holes in the local universe, a large sample of galaxies with X-ray detections is needed. We cross-match the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) with galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 4 (SDSS DR4) to create such a sample. Because of the high SDSS source density and large RASS positional errors, the cross-matched catalog is highly contaminated by random associations. We investigate the overlap of these surveys and provide a statistical test of the validity of RASS-SDSS galaxy cross-matches. SDSS quasars provide a test of our cross-match validation scheme, as they have a very high fraction of true RASS matches. We find that the number of true matches between the SDSS main galaxy sample and the RASS is highly dependent on the optical spectral classification of the galaxy; essentially no star-forming galaxies are detected, while more than 0.6% of narrow-line Seyferts are detected in the RASS. Also, galaxies with ambiguous optical classification have a surprisingly high RASS detection fraction. This allows us to further constrain the SEDs of low-luminosity active galaxies. Our technique is quite general, and can be applied to any cross-matching between surveys with well-understood positional errors.

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