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arXiv 0706.3089astro-ph
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钱德拉能解析剩余的宇宙X射线背景吗?

Can Chandra resolve the remaining cosmic X-ray background?

Ryan C. Hickox, Maxim Markevitch

摘要:

最深的河外X射线观测,2毫秒钱德拉深场北(CDF-N),解决了约80%的总河外宇宙X射线背景(CXB)在1-2 keV波段。最近的研究表明,剩余的CXB通量中有70%与哈勃太空望远镜(HST)探测到的源有关。本文使用现有的CDF-N数据来约束这些X射线未检测到的HST源的X射线通量分布,通过比较在HST位置处的0.5-2 keV X射线计数的数量与模型通量分布的预期。在所有未检测到的HST X射线源具有相同的0.5-2 keV通量的简单情况下,与9个计数的检测限(在10%完整性下)相比,数据在2个Ms中每个源1.5-3个计数的情况下最佳拟合。假设一个更现实的幂律logN-logS分布[N(>S)S^-alpha],数据支持一个相对陡峭的通量分布,alpha=1.1^+0.5_-0.3(极限为99%置信度)。这个斜率与以前在CDF-N中发现的微弱正常星系和星暴星系非常相似。这些结果表明,更深的钱德拉观测将检测到一个新的人口微弱的X射线源,但需要非常深的曝光,以解决其余的软CXB。在最乐观的情况下,当HST源具有最平坦的允许通量分布并且检测到所有没有HST对应物的源时,比现有观测灵敏5倍的观测将最多解决剩余软CXB的约60%。

英文摘要:

The deepest extragalactic X-ray observation, the 2 Ms Chandra Deep Field North (CDF-N), resolves ~80% of the total extragalactic cosmic X-ray background (CXB) in the 1-2 keV band. Recent work has shown that 70% of the remaining CXB flux is associated with sources detected by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This paper uses the existing CDF-N data to constrain the X-ray flux distribution of these X-ray undetected HST sources, by comparing the number of 0.5-2 keV X-ray counts at the HST positions to those expected for model flux distributions. In the simple case where all the undetected HST X-ray sources have the same 0.5-2 keV flux, the data are best fit by 1.5-3 counts per source in 2 Ms, compared to a detection limit (at 10% completeness) of 9 counts. Assuming a more realistic power-law logN-logS distribution [N(>S) S^-alpha], the data favor a relatively steep flux distribution, with alpha=1.1^+0.5_-0.3 (limits are 99% confidence). This slope is very similar to that previously found for faint normal and starburst galaxies in the CDF-N. These results suggest deeper Chandra observations will detect a new population of faint X-ray sources, but extremely deep exposures are needed to resolve the remainder of the soft CXB. In the most optimistic scenario, when the HST sources have the flattest allowed flux distribution and all the sources without HST counterparts are detected, observations 5 times more sensitive than the existing ones would resolve at most ~60% of the remaining soft CXB.

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