El universo de Einstein：1905 - annus mirabilis - 2005
El universo de Einstein: 1905 - annus mirabilis - 2005
摘要：
2005年是世界物理年，全世界都在纪念阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的传奇著作发表100周年，这些著作奠定了现代物理学至少三个领域的基础：统计力学、量子力学和狭义相对论。这些作品把1905年在什么当之无愧地被称为“奇迹年”（annus mirabilis）的爱因斯坦。然而，这位伟大思想的影响并不局限于科学。众所周知，他的指纹仍然刻在我们日常生活的许多方面。正因为如此，在这本书中，我们试图涵盖爱因斯坦在上个世纪参与的几乎所有主题，当然，也试图揭示他的行动在刚刚开始的新世纪中的未来预测。在卷中涵盖的主题中，人们可以找到爱因斯坦与艺术先锋运动之间的可能联系，他的宗教信仰，他在阿根廷的日子，诺贝尔奖，爱因斯坦-弗洛伊德的信件，他的和平主义和核能，第二帝国和魏玛共和国下的科学和政治，甚至对他的专利和实验的描述，这些研究是为了寻找他大脑中的“内在”特征，以及许多人对爱因斯坦是天才还是怪人的怀疑。此外，还包括爱因斯坦和博尔赫斯，哲学和相对论，马赫原理，科学，艺术和人文之间的关系，以及更接近爱因斯坦自己的理论研究，孪生悖论，机会和量子力学，时间之箭，引力透镜，弦论，全息术和黑洞，引力磁学，超导性，引力波，光电效应和引力的替代理论。
英文摘要：
Year 2005 was the World Year of Physics, and it was commemorated worldwide as the 100th anniversary of Albert Einstein's legendary works in which the foundations of at least three areas of modern physics were laid: statistical mechanics, quantum mechanics and special relativity. These works turned year 1905 in what deservedly was called the "miraculous year" (annus mirabilis) of Einstein. However, the influence of this great mind was not limited to science. As it is well known, his fingerprint remains engraved in many aspects of our daily life. Because of that, in this work we have tried to cover almost all the subjects in which Einstein was involved during the last century and, of course, try and reveal the future projection his actions will have in this new century that has just begun. Among the subjects covered in the volume one can find the possible connection between Einstein and the artistic vanguard movement, his religiosity, his days in Argentina, the Nobel Prize, the Einstein-Freud correspondence, his pacifism and the nuclear energy, science and politics under the Second Empire and the Weimar Republic, and even a description of his patents and experiments, the studies performed to search for "built-in" features in his brain and the doubts many had regarding whether Einstein was a genius or a crank. Also included are essays on Einstein and Borges, philosophy and relativity, Mach's principle, the relation among science, arts and humanities, and, closer to Einstein's own theoretical research, the twin paradox, chance and quantum mechanics, the arrow of time, gravitational lenses, string theory, holography and black holes, gravitomagnetism, superconductivity, gravitational waves, the photoelectric effect and the alternative theories for gravitation.
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