非阿贝尔/纠缠弦网络的速度依赖模型
Velocity-Dependent Models for Non-Abelian/Entangled String Networks
摘要：
我们开发速度依赖模型描述的字符串网络，涉及几种类型的相互作用的字符串，每一个不同的张力的演变。这些技术结合了Y型结的形成，其中链接在碰撞的弦之间伸展，同时始终确保节能。这些模型可以用来描述非阿贝尔弦和宇宙超弦的网络演化。$Z_{N}$字符串中的相互作用是拓扑约束的应用程序，表明一般达到一个缩放制度，其中涉及一个层次的字符串密度最轻最丰富。我们还研究了宇宙超弦的混合网络，其中能量方面的考虑在确定相互作用结果方面更为重要。我们再次发现，网络倾向于缩放，三个最轻的网络组件占主导地位，并具有可比的数密度，而较重的弦状态被抑制。更定量的分析取决于使用弦或场论对弦相互作用矩阵的精确计算。然而，这些结果提供了进一步的证据，在弦网络中的结点的存在并不妨碍缩放。
英文摘要：
We develop velocity-dependent models describing the evolution of string networks that involve several types of interacting strings, each with a different tension. These incorporate the formation of Y-type junctions with links stretching between colliding strings, while always ensuring energy conservation. These models can be used to describe network evolution for non-abelian strings as well as cosmic superstrings. The application to $Z_{N}$ strings in which interactions are topologically constrained, demonstrates that a scaling regime is generally reached which involves a hierarchy of string densities with the lightest most abundant. We also study hybrid networks of cosmic superstrings, where energetic considerations are more important in determining interaction outcomes. We again find that networks tend towards scaling, with the three lightest network components being dominant and having comparable number densities, while the heavier string states are suppressed. A more quantitative analysis depends on the precise calculation of the string interaction matrix using the underlying string or field theory. Nevertheless, these results provide further evidence that the presence of junctions in a string network does not obstruct scaling.
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