光子诱导核合成：当前的问题和实验方法
Photon-induced Nucleosynthesis: Current Problems and Experimental Approaches
摘要：
光子诱导反应在稀有缺中子p核的核合成中起着关键作用。本文重点讨论了（gamma，alpha）、（gamma，p）和（gamma，n）反应定义了相应的p过程路径，分析了光子诱导反应及其逆俘获反应的实验室截面与恒星反应速率之间的关系，并对各种实验方法进行了评价。在库仑波函数的基础上，提出了一种改进的天体物理S因子S_C（E）。S_C（E）避免了重核俘获反应的能量依赖性。据发现，一种特殊类型的同步辐射可在SPring-8模拟恒星黑体辐射在数十亿开尔文是一个有前途的工具，为未来的实验。通过使用黑体同步辐射，可以预期p过程路径中的（γ，α）和（γ，p）反应的足够的事件率。这些实验将为改进统计模型中涉及的核参数提供数据，从而减少核合成计算的不确定性。
英文摘要：
Photon-induced reactions play a key role in the nucleosynthesis of rare neutron-deficient p-nuclei. The paper focuses on (gamma,alpha), (gamma,p), and (gamma,n) reactions which define the corresponding p-process path. The relation between stellar reaction rates and laboratory cross sections is analyzed for photon-induced reactions and their inverse capture reactions to evaluate various experimental approaches. An improved version S_C(E) of the astrophysical S-factor is suggested which is based on the Coulomb wave functions. S_C(E) avoids the apparent energy dependence which is otherwise obtained for capture reactions on heavy nuclei. It is found that a special type of synchrotron radiation available at SPring-8 that mimics stellar blackbody radiation at billions of Kelvin is a promising tool for future experiments. By using the blackbody synchrotron radiation, sufficient event rates for (gamma,alpha) and (gamma,p) reactions in the p-process path can be expected. These experiments will provide data to improve the nuclear parameters involved in the statistical model and thus reduce the uncertainties of nucleosynthesis calculations.
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