核小体圆柱形和H1缺陷对染色质性质的影响
The influence of the cylindrical shape of the nucleosomes and H1 defects on properties of chromatin
摘要：
我们提出了一个改进的两角模型（E2A模型）的间期染色质。该模型考虑了组蛋白八聚体的圆柱形状、核小体前面的H1组蛋白以及进出DNA链之间的垂直距离$d$。将这些染色质特征考虑进去，可以得到染色质相图中的本质变化：不仅排除体积边界的形状发生变化，而且垂直距离$d$对禁区也有显著影响。此外，我们研究了H1缺陷对染色质纤维性质的影响。因此，我们提出了两种可能的染色质致密化的策略：在相图中使用非常致密的状态，在排除的体积边界线的间隙中或缺失H1组蛋白，这可能导致非常致密的纤维。染色质纤维可能利用这两种机制至少在局部进行压缩。在模型内计算的线密度与实验值一致。
英文摘要：
We present a model improving the two-angle model for interphase chromatin (E2A model). This model takes into account the cylindrical shape of the histone octamers, the H1 histones in front of the nucleosomes and the vertical distance $d$ between the in and outgoing DNA strands. Factoring these chromatin features in, one gets essential changes in the chromatin phase diagram: Not only the shape of the excluded-volume borderline changes but also the vertical distance $d$ has a dramatic influence on the forbidden area. Furthermore, we examined the influence of H1 defects on the properties of the chromatin fiber. Thus we present two possible strategies for chromatin compaction: The use of very dense states in the phase diagram in the gaps in the excluded volume borderline or missing H1 histones which can lead to very compact fibers. The chromatin fiber might use both of these mechanisms to compact itself at least locally. Line densities computed within the model coincident with the experimental values.
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