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arXiv 0705.1973astro-ph
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RXTE对异常X射线脉冲星4U 0142+61的多年监测:长期变化

Years of RXTE Monitoring of Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 4U 0142+61: Long-Term Variability

R. Dib, V. M. Kaspi, F. P. Gavriil

摘要:

本文报道了用Rossi X射线定时探测器(RXTE)对8.7秒异常X射线脉冲星4U 0142+61进行10年的监测。这颗脉冲星从2000年3月到2006年2月表现出稳定的自转:包括nu,nudot和nudot的自旋下降模型的RMS相位残差为2.3%。我们报告了一个可能的相位相干的时间解决方案,有效期超过10年的跨度延伸到1996年3月。在1998年至2000年期间可能发生过故障,但现有的时序数据并不要求出现故障。自2000年以来,脉冲曲线一直在发展。特别是,在2002年至2006年期间,其两个峰值之间的排放下降变得更浅,好像在更早的事件之后,该轮廓正在演变回2000年前的形态,这可能也包括定时数据所暗示的故障。在2- 4keV频带中看到这些轮廓变化,但在6-8 keV中没有。我们还发现,在2002年5月和2004年12月之间的脉冲通量的缓慢增加,这样,它已经上升了36+/-3%,在2.6年的2-10千电子伏波段。脉冲通量变化和窄带脉冲轮廓变化对磁星模型的各个方面提出了有趣的挑战。

英文摘要:

We report on 10 years of monitoring of the 8.7-s Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 4U 0142+61 using the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). This pulsar exhibited stable rotation from 2000 March until 2006 February: the RMS phase residual for a spin-down model which includes nu, nudot, and nuddot is 2.3%. We report a possible phase-coherent timing solution valid over a 10-yr span extending back to March 1996. A glitch may have occured between 1998 and 2000, but is not required by the existing timing data. The pulse profile has been evolving since 2000. In particular, the dip of emission between its two peaks got shallower between 2002 and 2006, as if the profile were evolving back to its pre-2000 morphology, following an earlier event, which possibly also included the glitch suggested by the timing data. These profile variations are seen in the 2-4 keV band but not in 6-8 keV. We also detect a slow increase in the pulsed flux between 2002 May and 2004 December, such that it has risen by 36+/-3% over 2.6 years in the 2-10 keV band. The pulsed flux variability and the narrow-band pulse profile changes present interesting challenges to aspects of the magnetar model.

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