偶极的经典相互作用和量子相互作用
Classical and Quantum Interaction of the Dipole Revisited
摘要:
本文用四维几何量的方法研究了粒子的电、磁偶极矩与电磁场的相互作用。介绍了四维轨道和内禀角动量以及四维偶极矩的新的对易关系。量子4-力的期望值,在任何框架下,都是根据它们计算出来的。[1][1] J. Anandan,Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{85},1354(2000))仅在偶极子的静止框架中进行。据证明,例如,[1]中三维力$\mathbf{f}%_{S}$的表达式在相对论上是不正确的,并且在[1]中提出的实验中量子4-力不为零。这意味着在这样的实验中可以观察到的相移不是拓扑相移。
英文摘要:
The interaction of the electric and magnetic dipole moments of a particle with the electromagnetic field is investigated in an approach that deals with four-dimensional (4D) geometric quantities. The new commutation relations for the 4D orbital and intrinsic angular momentums and also for the 4D dipole moments are introduced. The expectation value of the quantum 4-force, which holds in any frame, is worked out in terms of them. In contrast to it the whole calculation in [1] ([1] J. Anandan, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{85}, 1354 (2000)) has been made only in the rest frame of the dipole. It is proved that, e.g., the expression for the 3D force $\mathbf{f}%_{S}$ in [1] is not relativistically correct and that the quantum 4-force is not zero in the experiments proposed in [1]. This means that the phase shifts that could be observed in such experiments are not topological phase shifts.
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