烧桥模型中分子马达的动力学性质
Dynamic Properties of Molecular Motors in Burnt-Bridge Models
摘要：
通过离散状态随机“烧桥”模型，从理论上研究了分子马达的动力学性质。粒子的输运被看作是沿具有周期性分布的弱连接的一维晶格的有效扩散。当一个无偏的随机游走者经过薄弱环节时，它可以以概率p被摧毁（“烧毁”），从而在分子马达的运动中提供一个偏差。提出了一种新的理论方法，可以精确计算所有动力学性质的马达蛋白，如速度和分散，在一般条件下。结果表明，弥散是桥浓度的递减函数，而弥散对燃烧概率的依赖关系则更为复杂。我们的计算还显示了一个差距，分散非常低浓度的弱链接，这表明一个动态的相变之间的无偏和有偏扩散制度。理论研究结果支持蒙特卡罗计算机模拟。
英文摘要：
Dynamic properties of molecular motors that fuel their motion by actively interacting with underlying molecular tracks are studied theoretically via discrete-state stochastic ``burnt-bridge'' models. The transport of the particles is viewed as an effective diffusion along one-dimensional lattices with periodically distributed weak links. When an unbiased random walker passes the weak link it can be destroyed (``burned'') with probability p, providing a bias in the motion of the molecular motor. A new theoretical approach that allows one to calculate exactly all dynamic properties of motor proteins, such as velocity and dispersion, at general conditions is presented. It is found that dispersion is a decreasing function of the concentration of bridges, while the dependence of dispersion on the burning probability is more complex. Our calculations also show a gap in dispersion for very low concentrations of weak links which indicates a dynamic phase transition between unbiased and biased diffusion regimes. Theoretical findings are supported by Monte Carlo computer simulations.
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