球形纳米等离子体膨胀的遍历模型
Ergodic model for the expansion of spherical nanoplasmas
摘要：
最近，球形纳米等离子体的无碰撞膨胀已经用一种新的遍历模型进行了分析，阐明了从流体力学到库仑爆炸状态的转变，并为该现象的相关特征提供了准确的规律。一个完整的推导模型在这里提出。在不动离子近似下，通过分析电子膨胀引起的初始充电瞬态，解决了自洽初始条件这一重要问题。不同的动力学模型的膨胀之间的比较，显示遍历模型提供了一个简化的描述，它保留了电子分布的基本信息，特别是，能谱。结果提出了一个广泛的初始条件（从一个单一的无量纲参数确定），从精确的弗拉索夫-泊松理论的计算非常一致，从而提供了一个完整的和详细的表征的所有阶段的膨胀。
英文摘要：
Recently, the collisionless expansion of spherical nanoplasmas has been analyzed with a new ergodic model, clarifying the transition from hydrodynamic-like to Coulomb-explosion regimes, and providing accurate laws for the relevant features of the phenomenon. A complete derivation of the model is here presented. The important issue of the self-consistent initial conditions is addressed by analyzing the initial charging transient due to the electron expansion, in the approximation of immobile ions. A comparison among different kinetic models for the expansion is presented, showing that the ergodic model provides a simplified description, which retains the essential information on the electron distribution, in particular, the energy spectrum. Results are presented for a wide range of initial conditions (determined from a single dimensionless parameter), in excellent agreement with calculations from the exact Vlasov-Poisson theory, thus providing a complete and detailed characterization of all the stages of the expansion.
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