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arXiv 0704.2991gr-qc
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标量-张量引力理论的第二后牛顿近似

Second post-Newtonian approximation of scalar-tensor theory of gravity

Yi Xie, Wei-Tou Ni, Peng Dong, Tian-Yi Huang

摘要:

深空激光测距任务,如ASTROD I(使用光学设备进行的单航天器天体动力学空间相对论测试)和ASTROD,以及GAIA和LATOR等天体测量任务,将能够以前所未有的精度测试相对论引力。更准确地说,这些任务将使我们能够测试相对论引力到$10^{-7}-10^{-9}$,并将需要第二次后牛顿近似的相关理论的引力。在太阳系中,第一后牛顿近似对$10^{-6}$是有效的,第二后牛顿近似对$10^{-12}$是有效的。标量-张量理论在相对论引力的检验中得到了广泛的讨论和应用,特别是在宇宙学中对暴胀、宇宙学常数和暗能量的兴趣之后。在拉格朗日量中,中程引力项具有与宇宙学项类似的形式。在这里,我们提出了完整的第二后牛顿近似的标量张量理论,包括可行的例子,中程引力。我们使用Eschrasekhar的方法来推导在标量-张量理论中的第二后牛顿近似下的理想流体的度规系数和流体力学方程;包括$O(c^{-4})$在内的所有项在运动方程中保持一致。

英文摘要:

Deep space laser ranging missions like ASTROD I (Single-Spacecraft Astrodynamical Space Test of Relativity using Optical Devices) and ASTROD, together with astrometry missions like GAIA and LATOR will be able to test relativistic gravity to an unprecedented level of accuracy. More precisely, these missions will enable us to test relativistic gravity to $10^{-7}-10^{-9}$, and will require 2nd post-Newtonian approximation of relevant theories of gravity. The first post-Newtonian approximation is valid to $10^{-6}$ and the second post-Newtonian is valid to $10^{-12}$ in the solar system. The scalar-tensor theory is widely discussed and used in tests of relativistic gravity, especially after the interests in inflation, cosmological constant and dark energy in cosmology. In the Lagrangian, intermediate-range gravity term has a similar form as cosmological term. Here we present the full second post-Newtonian approximation of the scalar-tensor theory including viable examples of intermediate-range gravity. We use Chandrasekhar's approach to derive the metric coefficients and the equation of the hydrodynamics governing a perfect fluid in the 2nd post-Newtonian approximation in scalar-tensor theory; all terms inclusive of $O(c^{-4})$ are retained consistently in the equation of motion.

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