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arXiv 0704.2971astro-ph
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硬谱XMM-牛顿源的XMM-SSC综述1:光学亮源

The XMM-SSC survey of hard-spectrum XMM-Newton sources 1: optically bright sources

M. J. Page, I. Lehmann, Th. Boller, M. G. Watson, T. Dwelly, S. Hess, I. Matute, N. S. Loaring, S. Rosen, H Ziaeepour, A. Schwope, G. Lamer, F. J. Carrera, J. T… 展开作者

M. J. Page, I. Lehmann, Th. Boller, M. G. Watson, T. Dwelly, S. Hess, I. Matute, N. S. Loaring, S. Rosen, H Ziaeepour, A. Schwope, G. Lamer, F. J. Carrera, J. Tedds, R. Della Ceca, P. Severgnini, R. G. McMahon, W. Yuan

摘要:

我们提出的光学和X射线数据的一个样本的偶然的XMM-牛顿源,选择有0.5 - 2千电子伏与2 - 4.5千电子伏的X射线硬度比,这是硬的X射线背景。这些源的X射线通量在2~4.5 keV之间,大于等于10 ^-14 cgs。在本文中,我们对42个光学明亮(r <21)源的子样本进行了研究;该子样本100%通过光谱进行了识别。除了一个光学对应物都是河外的,我们认为唯一的例外,银河系M星,可能是一个巧合的协会。X射线光谱符合强吸收的幂律(21.8 <log NH <23.4),它们都是被吸收的活动星系核。大多数的源在它们的光谱中只显示出窄的发射线,这意味着它们是2型活动星系核。只有一小部分光源(7/42)显示出宽的光学发射谱线,所有这些光源的NH值都小于10^23 cm ^-2。这意味着,X射线吸收与光学/紫外消光的比值等于银河系气尘比的100倍以上,在活动星系核吸收体中是罕见的(最多占总数的百分之几),可能仅限于宽吸收线的类星体。七个物体似乎有一个额外的软X射线成分,除了大量吸收的幂律。我们认为我们的结果的影响,根据AGN统一计划。我们发现,如果大于4%的宽线活动星系核具有电离吸收体,使其软X射线通量衰减大于50%,X射线吸收的宽线活动星系核中至少有一个的X射线谱需要电离吸收体,这与统一方案是一致的。

英文摘要:

We present optical and X-ray data for a sample of serendipitous XMM-Newton sources that are selected to have 0.5-2 keV vs 2-4.5 keV X-ray hardness ratios which are harder than the X-ray background. The sources have 2-4.5 keV X-ray flux >= 10^-14 cgs, and in this paper we examine a subsample of 42 optically bright (r < 21) sources; this subsample is 100 per cent spectroscopically identified. All but one of the optical counterparts are extragalactic, and we argue that the single exception, a Galactic M star, is probably a coincidental association. The X-ray spectra are consistent with heavily absorbed power laws (21.8 < log NH < 23.4), and all of them appear to be absorbed AGN. The majority of the sources show only narrow emission lines in their optical spectra, implying that they are type-2 AGN. Only a small fraction of the sources (7/42) show broad optical emission lines, and all of these have NH < 10^23 cm^-2. This implies that ratios of X-ray absorption to optical/UV extinction equivalent to > 100 times the Galactic gas-to-dust ratio are rare in AGN absorbers (at most a few percent of the population), and may be restricted to broad absorption-line QSOs. Seven objects appear to have an additional soft X-ray component in addition to the heavily absorbed power law. We consider the implications of our results in the light of the AGN unified scheme. We find that the soft components in narrow-line objects are consistent with the unified scheme provided that > 4 per cent of broad-line AGN have ionised absorbers that attenuate their soft X-ray flux by >50 per cent. In at least one of the X-ray absorbed, broad-line AGN in our sample the X-ray spectrum requires an ionised absorber, consistent with this picture.

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