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arXiv 0704.2643astro-ph
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旋转黑洞周围吸积流的光变曲线和伴星的大气效应

Eclipsing light curves for accretion flows around a rotating black hole and atmospheric effects of the companion star

Rohta Takahashi, Ken-Ya Watarai

摘要:

考虑伴星的大气效应,计算了旋转黑洞吸积流的食光变曲线。在没有大气影响的情况下,光变曲线包含了黑洞自旋的信息,因为1keV左右的X射线光子大多来自黑洞阴影附近吸积流的蓝移部分,而黑洞阴影的大小和位置取决于自旋。在这些情况下,当大部分发射来自事件视界附近时,光变曲线在入口和出口处变得不对称。接下来,我们将研究伴星的大气吸收和散射效应。利用太阳型大气模型,我们考虑了伴星的大气效应,如HI和HeI的光电离。我们发现在1 keV能量下观测到的食光变曲线可能包含了黑洞自旋的信息。然而,在我们的大气模型中,大气的影响要比黑洞自旋的影响大得多。因此,即使在光变曲线包含黑洞自旋信息的情况下,如果我们没有真实的大气剖面,如温度和几种元素的数密度,也很难提取黑洞自旋的信息。即使在这种情况下,光变曲线的不对称性,由于吸积盘的旋转存在。只有当我们有可靠的大气模型时,原则上才能从食光变曲线中获得诸如黑洞自旋等强引力区的信息。

英文摘要:

We calculate eclipsing light curves for accretion flows around a rotating black hole taking into account the atmospheric effects of the companion star. In the cases of no atmospheric effects, the light curves contain the information of the black hole spin because most of the X-ray photons around 1 keV usually come from the blueshifted part of the accretion flow near the black hole shadow, and the size and the position of the black hole shadow depend on the spin. In these cases, when most of the emission comes from the vicinity of the event horizon, the light curves become asymmetric at ingress and egress. We next investigate the atmospheric absorption and scattering effects of the companion stars. By using the solar-type atmospheric model, we have taken into account the atmospheric effects of the companion star, such as the photoionization by HI and HeI. We found that the eclipsing light curves observed at 1 keV possibly contain the information of the black hole spin. However, in our atmospheric model, the effects of the atmosphere are much larger than the effects of the black hole spin. Therefore, even in the case that the light curves contain the information of the black hole spin, it may be difficult to extract the information of the black hole spin if we do not have the realistic atmospheric profiles, such as the temperature, and the number densities for several elements. Even in such cases, the light-curve asymmetries due to the rotation of the accretion disc exist. Only when we have the reliable atmospheric model, in principle, the information of the strong-gravity regions, such as the black hole spin, can be obtained from the eclipsing light curves.

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