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arXiv 0704.2305astro-ph
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金牛座T星周围日冕的c2d Spitzer IRS光谱。III。[Ne II ]、[Fe I]和H_2气相线

c2d Spitzer IRS Spectra of Disks around T Tauri Stars. III. [Ne II], [Fe I], and H_2 gas-phase lines

Fred Lahuis, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Geoffrey A. Blake, Neal J. Evans, Jacqueline E. Kessler-Silacci, Klaus M. Pontoppidan

摘要:

我们提出了一个调查的中红外气相线对样品的76拱盘周围的低质量的前主序星斯皮策“核心到恒星”的遗产计划。我们报告的第一次检测到的[Ne II]和[Fe I]对经典金牛座T星分别在~20%~9%的我们的来源。观测到的[Ne II]线通量和上限与X射线辐照的盘状恒星中的[Ne II]激发一致,其X射线光度L_X=10^{29}-10 31} erg·s^{-1}。[Fe在~10^-5-10^-4 L_Sun下检测到[I],但在~10^{-6} L_Sun下未检测到[S I]或[Fe II]。[Fe I]探测表明存在质量>~ 0.1MJ的富气盘,除了S(1)外,没有探测到H_20 -0 S(0)和S(1)盘发射。这些数据给出了一些木星质量的温暖(T~100- 200 K)气体质量的上限,与最近的金牛座T盘模型相一致,该模型包括恒星辐射加热气体。在致密盘上观测到热气体(T>~ 500 K)通过H_20 -0 S(2)和(或)S(3)谱线的发射,约占我们源的8%。然而,线通量比最近的磁盘模型预测的高出一个数量级以上,即使包括X射线和过量的紫外线辐射。同样地,这些源的[Ne II]/H_20 -0 S(2)比也低于预测值,这与存在一个在目前的盘模型中没有包括的额外的热分子气体组分是一致的。恒星风与盘相互作用的斜激波可以解释许多方面的热气体排放,但与[S I]和[Fe II]线的未检测不一致。

英文摘要:

We present a survey of mid-infrared gas-phase lines toward a sample of 76 circumstellar disks around low mass pre-main sequence stars from the Spitzer "Cores to Disks" legacy program. We report the first detections of [Ne II] and [Fe I] toward classical T Tauri stars in ~20% respectively ~9% of our sources. The observed [Ne II] line fluxes and upper limits are consistent with [Ne II] excitation in an X-ray irradiated disk around stars with X-ray luminosities L_X=10^{29}-10^{31} erg s^{-1}. [Fe I] is detected at ~10^-5-10^-4 L_Sun, but no [S I] or [Fe II] is detected down to ~10^{-6} L_Sun. The [Fe I] detections indicate the presence of gas-rich disks with masses of >~0.1 M_J. No H_2 0-0 S(0) and S(1) disk emission is detected, except for S(1) toward one source. These data give upper limits on the warm (T~100-200K) gas mass of a few Jovian masses, consistent with recent T Tauri disk models which include gas heating by stellar radiation. Compact disk emission of hot (T>~500K) gas is observed through the H_2 0-0 S(2) and/or S(3) lines toward ~8% of our sources. The line fluxes are, however, higher by more than an order of magnitude than those predicted by recent disk models, even when X-ray and excess UV radiation are included. Similarly the [Ne II]/H_2 0-0 S(2) ratios for these sources are lower than predicted, consistent with the presence of an additional hot molecular gas component not included in current disk models. Oblique shocks of stellar winds interacting with the disk can explain many aspects of the hot gas emission, but are inconsistent with the non-detection of [S I] and [Fe II] lines.

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