利用最少本地资源的分布式量子信息处理
Distributed quantum information processing with minimal local resources
摘要：
我们提出了一个协议的增长图状态，单向量子计算的资源，当可用的纠缠机制是非常不完善的。蒸馏协议在使用辅助量子比特方面是节俭的，当噪声由一个泡利误差主导时仅需要单个辅助量子比特，并且对于一般噪声模型需要两个辅助量子比特。该方案通过从不对纯化轮次的测量结果进行后选择来使用这种稀缺的本地资源。我们发现，这样的策略会导致保真度遵循有偏见的随机游走，并且目标保真度可能比可比的后选择协议更快地达到。不完美的本地操作如何限制可达到的保真度的分析。例如，20%的单个泡利错误率可以被提炼为局部操作中的缺陷的$\sim 10$倍。
英文摘要：
We present a protocol for growing graph states, the resource for one-way quantum computing, when the available entanglement mechanism is highly imperfect. The distillation protocol is frugal in its use of ancilla qubits, requiring only a single ancilla qubit when the noise is dominated by one Pauli error, and two for a general noise model. The protocol works with such scarce local resources by never post-selecting on the measurement outcomes of purification rounds. We find that such a strategy causes fidelity to follow a biased random walk, and that a target fidelity is likely to be reached more rapidly than for a comparable post-selecting protocol. An analysis is presented of how imperfect local operations limit the attainable fidelity. For example, a single Pauli error rate of 20% can be distilled down to $\sim 10$ times the imperfection in local operations.
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