Takumi Doi
We review the current status of the theoretical pentaquark search from the direct QCD calculation. The works from the QCD sum rule and the lattice QCD in the literature are carefully examined. The importance of the framework which can distinguish the exotic pentaquark state (if any) from the NK scattering state is emphasized.
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The present status of pentaquark spectroscopy in lattice QCD is reviewed. This talk also includes a brief introduction of pentaquark baryons.
The $J/ψp$ signals at 4380 MeV and 4450 MeV which were seen by the LHCb collaboration in the decay $Λ^0_b\to K^-J/ψp$ are discussed following the hypothesis of the existence of diquark-diquark-antiquark composite states. The discussed problems concern: (i) estimation of masses and mass splittings for low-lying states, (ii) determination of decay modes in the quark recombination scheme, (iii) unitarity and analyticity constrains for pentaquark propagators, (iv) hadronic deuteron-like components in the diquark-diquark-antiquark multiplet.
The present work is a summary of the status of lattice pentaquark calculations. After a pedagogic introduction to the basics of lattice hadron spectroscopy we give a critical comparison of results presently available in the literature. Special emphasis is put on presenting some of the possible pitfalls of these calculations. In particular we discuss at length the choice of the hadronic operators and the separation of genuine five-quark states from meson-baryon scattering states.
I first give a brief overview of the status of exotic hadron search so far. Then I review the recent theoretical development on pentaquarks. Finally I emphasize that none of theoretical formalisms predicts the existence of $Θ$ pentaquark very reliably. None of them explains its narrow width in a natural way.
A review is given of the theoretical ideas concerning the mysterious pentaquark baryons proposed during the first year after its discovery. We focus on the difficulties involved with the constituent quark models and the discrepancy between the QCD predictions and most of the phenomenological models.
Ab initio calculation of molecular pentaquark magnetic moments in heavy pentaquark chiral perturbation theory
本研究针对LHCb合作组观测到的隐粲五夸克态，提出新的重五夸克手征微扰理论，从头构建手征拉格朗日量完成单圈阶八重态分子五夸克磁矩的无参数计算，纳入SU(3)破缺效应改进夸克模型描述，给出可作为理论基准的唯一预测。
The status of the search for pentaquark baryons is reviewed in light of new results from the first two dedicated experiments from CLAS at Jefferson Lab and of new analyses from several laboratories on the $Theta^+(1540)$. Evidence for and against two heavier pentaquark states is also discussed.
We review the current status of the exotic pentaquark baryons. After a brief look at experiments of both positive and negative results, we discuss theoretical methods to study the structure and reactions for the pentaquarks. First we introduce the quark model and the chiral soliton model, where we discuss the relation of mass spectrum and parity with some emphasis on the role of chiral symmetry. It is always useful to picture the structure of the pentaquarks in terms of quarks. As for other methods, we discuss a model independent method, and briefly mention the results from the lattice and QCD…
The experimental status of the pentaquark searches is briefly reviewed. Recent null results by the CLAS collaboration are commented, and new strong evidence of a very narrow Theta+ resonance by the DIANA collaboration is presented. On the theory side, I revisit the argument against the existence of the pentaquark -- that of Callan and Klebanov -- and show that actually a strong resonance is predicted in that approach, however its width is grossly overestimated. A recent calculation gives 2 MeV for the pentaquark width, and this number is probably still an upper bound.
After a quick look at the present status of experiments we shortly review in a first step the ongoing discussions on some of the basic theoretical approaches to pentaquarks: Chiral solitons, Large-$N_c$ considerations, quark models, and lattice gauge approaches. In a second step we apply the chiral quark-soliton approach including linear $m_s$-corrections to the calculation of magnetic moments of the baryons of the anti-decuplet. In this approach the parameters are fixed solely by experimental data for the magnetic moments of the baryon octet and for the masses of the octet, decuplet and of $Θ…
Inspired by the LHCb's observations of hidden-charm $P_{c(s)}$ states, we study their hidden-strange analogues $P_s$ states in both $[udu][\bar ss]$ and $[uds][\bar su]$ configurations. We investigate the $P_s$ pentaquark states in $pη^\prime$, $pϕ$, $ΛK$, $ΣK$ and $Σ^\ast K^\ast$ structures with $J^P = \frac{1}{2}^-$ and $Σ^\ast K$ and $ΣK^\ast$ with $J^P = \frac{3}{2}^-$, and calculate their masses in the framework of QCD sum rules. Our numerical results show that the extracted hadron masses for all the $pη^\prime$, $pϕ$, $ΛK$, $ΣK$ and $Σ^\ast K^\ast$ structures are much higher than $ΣK$ ma…
Energy Calculation of Pentaquarks Using Thomas Fermi Quark Model: A Theoretical Study
本研究应用 Thomas Fermi Quark Model 探讨 $uudc\overline{c}$ pentaquark 系统家族，计算了 10 种口袋的能量，发现总能量最低的口袋最稳定，且除动能下降外其余能量均上升。
In this work, we report on a theoretical study of possible pentaquark states $Λ^0_b(5912)$ and $Λ^0_b(5920)$ in the $γp\to{}Λ_b^{0(*)}B^+$ reactions within an effective Lagrangian approach. In addition to the contributions from the $s$-channel nucleon pole and $t$-channel $\bar{B}^{{*}-}$ exchange, the contact term contribution are also included. Our theoretical approach is based on the chiral unitary theory where the $Λ^0_b(5912)$ and $Λ^0_b(5920)$ resonances are dynamically generated. Within the coupling constants of the $Λ^0_b(5912)$ and $Λ^0_b(5920)$ to $\bar{B}p$ and $\bar{B}^{*}p$ channe…
We perform a theoretical analysis of the $Λ_b \to J/ψK^- p$ reaction from where a recent LHCb experiment extracts a $Λ(1405)$ contribution in the $K^- p$ spectrum close to threshold and two baryon states of hidden charm in the $J/ψ\,p$ spectrum. We recall that baryon states of this type have been theoretically predicted matching the mass, width and $J^P$ of the experiment, concretely some states built up from the $J/ψ\, N$, $\bar D^* Λ_c$, $\bar D^* Σ_c$, $\bar D Σ^*_c$ and $\bar D^* Σ^*_c$ coupled channels. We assume that the observed narrow state around 4450 MeV has this nature and we are ab…
Theoretical investigations of the pentaquark states which were recently discovered provide important information on their nature and structure. It is necessary to study the spectroscopic parameters like masses and residues of particles belong to the class of pentaquarks and ones having similar structures. The mass and pole residue are quantities which emerge as the main input parameters in exploration of the electromagnetic, strong and weak interactions of the pentaquarks with other hadrons in many frameworks. This work deals with a QCD sum rule analysis of the spin-$3/2$ and spin-$5/2$ bottom…
We use a theoretical model of the $γ~d \to ~K^+ K^- ~n ~p $ reaction adapted to the experiment done at LEPS where a peak was observed and associated to the $Θ^{+}(1540)$ pentaquark. The study shows that the method used in the experiment to associate momenta to the undetected proton and neutron, together with the chosen cuts, necessarily creates an artificial broad peak in the assumed $K^+ n$ invariant mass in the region of the claimed $Θ^{+}(1540)$. It is shown that the LEPS fit to the data, used to make the claim of the $Θ^{+}(1540)$, grossly distorts the background. An alternative fit, assum…
Since LEPS collaboration reported the first evidence of $Θ^+$ pentaquark in early 2003, eleven other experimental groups have confirmed this exotic state while many other groups didn't see any signal. If this state is further established by future high statistical experiments, its discovery shall be one of the most important events in hadron physics for the past three decades. This exotic baryon with such a low mass and so narrow a width imposes a big challenge to hadron theorists. Up to now, there have appeared more than two hundred theoretical papers trying to interpret this charming state. …
We revisit the hidden-charm pentaquark states $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$ using the method of QCD sum rules by requiring the pole contribution to be larger than or around 30\% to better insure the one-pole parametrization to be valid. We find two mixing currents and our results suggest that the $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$ can be identified as hidden-charm pentaquark states having $J^P=3/2^-$ and $5/2^+$, respectively, while there still exist other possible spin-parity assignments, such as $J^P=3/2^+$ and $J^P=5/2^-$, which needs to be clarified in further theoretical and experimental studies.
There are different assumptions on the substructure of the pentaquarks $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$, newly founded in $J/ψN $ invariant mass by the LHCb collaboration, giving consistent mass results with the experimental observations. The experimental data and recent theoretical studies on their mass suggest interpretation of these states as spin-3/2 negative-parity and spin-5/2 positive-parity pentaquarks, respectively. There may exist opposite-parity states corresponding to these particles, as well. Despite a lot of studies, however, the nature and internal organization of these pentaquarks i…
The theoretical status of perturbative QED and QCD corrections to deep inelastic scattering is reviewed.
Study of Fully heavy Pentaquarks using extended Gursey-Radicati formalism
本文利用扩展的Gursey-Radicati形式主义研究完全重五夸克态的质量谱及其稳定性，通过分析自旋、奇偶性和颜色构型相互作用，为未来实验提供理论依据。
I review the theoretical and experimental status of the Odderon with emphasis on recent developments.
In the past decade many charmonium-like states were observed experimentally. Especially those charged charmonium-like $Z_c$ states and bottomonium-like $Z_b$ states can not be accommodated within the naive quark model. These charged $Z_c$ states are good candidates of either the hidden-charm tetraquark states or molecules composed of a pair of charmed mesons. Recently, the LHCb Collaboration discovered two hidden-charm pentaquark states, which are also beyond the quark model. In this work, we review the current experimental progress and investigate various theoretical interpretations of these …
We investigate the electromagnetic properties of possible charm-strange pentaquarks in the framework of the light-cone QCD sum rule using the photon distribution amplitudes. In particular, by calculating the corresponding electromagnetic form factors defining the radiative transitions under consideration we estimate the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments of the pentaquark systems of a charm, an anti-strange and three light quarks. We observe that the values of magnetic dipole moments are considerably large, however, the quadrupole moments are very small. Any future measurements of…
We review the descriptions of hard exclusive processes based on QCD factorization.
Theoretical predictions on the $B_c$ meson properties are reviewed.
In this work, we employ the light-cone QCD sum rule to calculate the magnetic dipole moments of the $P_c(4440)$, $P_c(4457)$ and $P_{cs}(4459)$ pentaquark states by considering them as the diquark-diquark-antiquark and molecular pictures with quantum numbers $J^P = \frac{3}{2}^-$, $J^P = \frac{1}{2}^-$ and $J^P = \frac{1}{2}^-$, respectively. In the analyses, we use the diquark-diquark-antiquark and molecular form of interpolating currents, and photon distribution amplitudes to obtain the magnetic dipole moment of pentaquark states. Theoretical examinations on magnetic dipole moments of the hi…
I review the status of theoretical calculations relevant for electroweak physics at the Tevatron and LHC and discuss future directions. I also give a brief overview of current electroweak data and discuss future expectations.
Status of the theoretical B -> X_s gamma and B -> X_s l^+ l^- analyses is reviewed. Recently completed perturbative calculations are mentioned. The level at which non-perturbative effects are controlled is discussed.
We briefly review the current status of theoretical calculations for Higgs production at hadron colliders within the Standard Model. We focus on the main production mechanisms and decay modes at the Tevatron and the LHC.
We review the theoretical status of the B --> pi K decays, focusing on recent developments in the QCD factorization and perturbative QCD approaches as well as on the Standard-Model correlation between the mixing-induced and direct CP asymmetries of the B^0 --> pi^0 K^0 mode.
We present a concise review of the theoretical status of rare K->pinunubar decays in and beyond the standard model. Particular attention is thereby devoted to the recent calculation of the next-to-next-to-leading order corrections to the charm quark contribution of K^+->pi^+nunubar which removes the last relevant theoretical uncertainty from the K->pinunubar system.
A variety of nuclear and hadron physics experiments are being performed using meson beams at the J-PARC Hadron Facility. As the first experiment at the facility, the pentaquark Theta+ was searched for in the pi- p -> K- X reaction with a missing-mass resolution of 2 MeV (FWHM). The number of accumulated beam pions are 7.8x10^10 and 8.1x10^10 for different beam momenta of 1.92 and 2.01 GeV/c, respectively. No significant structure was observed in the missing mass spectra. Upper limits of the production cross section are obtained to be 0.28ub/sr in the laboratory frame at 90% confidence level fo…
The Standard Model prediction for epsilon'/epsilon is updated, taking into account the most recent theoretical developments. The final numerical value, epsilon'/ε= (17\pm 6) x 10^{-4}, is in good agreement with present measurements.
We use a theoretical model of the $γ~d \to ~K^+ K^- ~n ~p $ reaction adapted to the experiment done at LEPS where a peak was observed and associated to the $Θ^{+}(1540)$ pentaquark. The study shows that the method used in the experiment to associate momenta to the undetected proton and neutron, together with the chosen cuts, necessarily creates an artificial broad peak in the assumed $K^+ n$ invariant mass in the region of the claimed $Θ^{+}(1540)$, such that the remaining strength seen for the experimental peak is compatible with a fluctuation of 2$σ$ significance.
Exotic multi-quark states are examined in the quark model and in QCD. Current status of theoretical studies of the pentaquark Theta^+ is reported. We show recent analyses of multi-quark components of baryons. A novel method to extract a compact excited state in the lattice QCD is applied. We also discuss how to determine mixings of different Fock components in the hadron in the QCD sum rule approach.
The theoretical status of the `proton spin' effect is reviewed. The conventional QCD parton model analysis of polarised DIS is compared with a complementary approach, the composite operator propagator-vertex (CPV) method, each of which provides its own insight into the origin of the observed suppression in the first moment of $g_1^p$. The current status of both experiment and non-perturbative calculations is summarised. The future role of semi-inclusive DIS experiments, in both the current and target fragmentation regions, is described.
Weak gauge boson pair production is an important process at the LHC because it probes the non-Abelian structure of electroweak interactions and it is a background process for many new physics searches, and with enough statistics we can perform comparisons between measurements and theoretical calculations for different but correlated observables. In these proceedings, we present a theoretical status including state-of-the-art results from recent calculations of higher-order QCD and electroweak corrections.
I review some recent progress and open problems in the calculation of heavy-quarkonium inclusive decay widths into light particles in the framework of QCD non-relativistic effective field theories.
In this talk we review the theoretical status of the lifetime ratios of heavy hadrons and of the B-mixing quantities $ΔM_s$, $ΔΓ_s$ and $ϕ_s$. While $ΔM_s$ and $ΔΓ_s$ suffer from large uncertainties due to the badly known decay constants, the ratio $ΔΓ_s / ΔM_s$ can be determined with almost no non-perturbative uncertainties, therefore it can be used to look for possible new physics effects.
A short overview of theoretical predictions for various kaon decays is presented. Particular attention is devoted to pure and radiative nonleptonic decays in the framework of Chiral Perturbation Theory. The relevance of KLOE's future results to improve our knowledge of kaon physics and more generally of the Standard Model at low energy is also emphasized.
High energy jets and their associated event shapes provide a window into the transition between elementary and composite degrees of freedom in quantum chromodynamics. This talk reviews some methods and a few principles that have led to progress in this area.
I give a detailed introduction into the theoretical formalism for epsilon'/epsilon, which measures direct CP-violation in K -> pi pi decays. The current status of hadronic matrix elements and the strange quark mass is discussed. Several possible explanations of the unexpectedly high experimental results for epsilon'/epsilon are pointed out: A small strange quark mass, an enhancement of the hadronic parameter B_6^(1/2) from the sigma resonance, an underestimate of isospin breaking and possible new physics contributions in the sdZ-vertex and the sd-gluon-vertex.
We review the theory of epsilon'/epsilon and present an updated phenomenological analysis using hadronic matrix elements from lattice QCD. The present status of the computation of epsilon'/epsilon, considering various approaches to the matrix-element evaluation, is critically discussed.
We discuss the most recent calculations of the top quark total cross section and transverse momentum distributions at the Tevatron and the LHC. These calculations include the soft-gluon corrections at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). The soft NNLO corrections stabilize the scale dependence of the cross section.
We wish to demonstrate that investigation of asymptotically high multiplicity (AHM) hadron reactions may solve, or at least clear up, a number of problems unsolvable by other ways. We would lean upon the idea: (i) the entropy is proportional to multiplicity and, by this reason, at the AHM domain one may expect the equilibrium final state and (ii) the high-multiplicity processes becomes hard. Last one means that the nonperturbative corrections are frozen during this processes and the QCD predictions are available for them.
The theoretical status of the muon anomaly is reviewed including the recent change in the light by light hadronic correction. Specific attention is given to the implications of the shift in the difference between the BNL experimental result and the standard model prediction for sparticle mass limits. The implication of the BNL data for Yukawa unification is discussed and the role of gaugino mass nonuniversalities in the satisfaction of Yukawa unification is explored. An analysis of the BNL constraint for the satisfaction of the relic density constraint and for the search for dark matter is als…
We review the present status of the theoretical evaluation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the the muon within the Standard Model. We mainly focus on the hadronic contributions in the muon g-2 due to vacuum polarization effects, light-by-light scattering and higher order electroweak corrections. We discuss some recent calculations together with their uncertainties and limitations and point out possible improvements in the future. In view of the inconsistent values for the hadronic vacuum polarization based on e^+ e^- and tau data, no conclusion can be drawn yet, whether the apparent discre…
The total tau hadronic width can be accurately calculated using analyticity and the operator product expansion. The result turns out to be very sensitive to the value of alpha_s(m_tau^2), providing a precise determination of the strong coupling constant. The theoretical description of this observable is updated, including the recently computed O(alpha_s^4) contributions. The experimental determination of alpha_s(m_tau^2) and its actual uncertainties are discussed.
We review the present theoretical status of the CP violating ratio epsilon'/epsilon in the Standard Model (SM) and confront its estimates with the most recent data. In particular we review the present status of the most important parameters m_s, B_6^(1/2), B_8^(3/2), Λ_MSbar and Omega_{η+η'}. While the sign and the order of magnitude of SM estimates for epsilon'/epsilon agree with the data, for central values of these parameters most estimates of epsilon'/epsilon in the SM are substantially below the grand experimental average (21.2\pm 4.6)\cdot 10^{-4}. Only in a small corner of the parameter…
Lifetimes of $b$-hadrons and mixing of neutral $B$-mesons: theoretical and experimental status
本文综述了$B$混合和$b$-强子寿命的实验与理论现状，探讨了其在QCD研究和超越标准模型搜索中的潜力，并提供了更新的SM预测。
The Tevatron has inspired new interest in the subject of magnetic monopoles. First there was the 1998 D0 limit on the virtual production of monopoles, based on the theory of Ginzberg and collaborators. In 2000 the first results from an experiment (Fermilab E882) searching for real magnetically charged particles bound to elements from the CDF and D0 detectors were reported. This also required new developments in theory. The status of the experimental limits on monopole masses will be discussed, as well as the limitation of the theory of magnetic charge at present.
For the envisioned precision measurement of the W-boson mass at present and future lepton and hadron colliders it is crucial that the theoretical predictions for the underlying production processes are well under control. We briefly describe the status of the predictions for the W-pair-production processes at e+ e- colliders, e+ e- -> W+ W- -> 4f, and for W- and Z-boson production at pp and p anti-p colliders, pp, p anti-p -> W -> l nu_l and pp, p anti-p -> Z,gamma -> l+ l- (l=e,mu). We also discuss the theoretical improvements needed to meet the experimental accuracies one hopes to achieve in…
The past seventeen years have witnessed tremendous progress on the experimental and theoretical explorations of the multiquark states. The hidden-charm and hidden-bottom multiquark systems were reviewed extensively in [Phys. Rept. 639 (2016) 1-121]. In this article, we shall update the experimental and theoretical efforts on the hidden heavy flavor multiquark systems in the past three years. Especially the LHCb collaboration not only confirmed the existence of the hidden-charm pentaquarks but also provided strong evidence of the molecular picture. Besides the well-known $XYZ$ and $P_c$ states,…
We give the recent experimental results and theoretical analysis of CP violating ratio epsilon'/epsilon. The present status is discussed in the light of the standard model.
We present an update of the theoretical predictions for the cross section of top-quark pair production at Tevatron and LHC. In particular we employ improvements due to soft gluon resummation at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We expand the resummed results and derive analytical finite-order cross sections through next-to-next-to-leading order which are exact in all logarithmically enhanced terms near threshold. These results are the best present estimates for the top-quark pair production cross section. We investigate the scale dependence as well as the sensitivity on the parton …
We review the theoretical understanding of the branching ratio and photon-energy spectrum in B -> Xs gamma decays at next-to-leading order in QCD, including consistently the effects of Fermi motion. For the Standard Model, we obtain B(B -> Xs gamma)=(3.29 +- 0.33)*10^{-4} for the total branching ratio, and B(B -> Xs gamma)=(2.85+0.34-0.40)*10^{-4} if a cut E_gamma > 2.1 GeV is applied on the photon energy, as done in the recent CLEO analysis. A precise measurement of the photon spectrum would help reducing the theoretical uncertainty and yield important information on the momentum distribution…
The theoretical predictions in the MSSM for Higgs-boson production at a future e^+e^- Linear Collider and Higgs-boson decay processes are discussed focusing in particular on recent diagrammatic two-loop results in the MSSM Higgs sector. The present status of the theoretical predictions is briefly summarized, and it is emphasized that considerable improvements will be necessary in order to match the high experimental accuracy achievable at a future Linear Collider.
In the framework of phenomenological static and QCD-motivated model potentials for heavy quarkonium, we compute the $\bar{b}c$ mass spectrum as well as its $\QTR{rm}{1S}$ hyperfine splitting using the recently introduced shifted $l$- expansion technique. We also predict the leptonic constant \ $f_{B_{c}}$ of the lightest pseudoscalar $B_{c}$ and $f_{B_{c}^{\ast}}$ of the vector $B_{c}^{\ast}$ states taking into account the one-loop and two-loop QCD corrections. Further, we use the scaling relation to predict the leptonic constant of the R{rm}{nS}$-states of the $\bar{b}c$ system. For the sake …
Odyssey of the elusive $Θ^+$
针对假定轻五夸克态$Θ^+$实验证据不明的问题，本研究综述其在手征模型中的理论基础与唯象应用，详细分析五夸克宽度及衰变算符抵消现象，并讨论存持续正面证据的实验，以纪念三位学者的贡献。
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