arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新

AI 大模型

多模态大模型

跨文本、图像、视频、音频等模态的大模型与学习方法。

共收录 46237 信号源:cs.CV, cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.MM, eess.AS

1. 图文多模态 4672 篇

2409.16902 2025-05-20 cs.CV cs.AI 74%

Underwater Camouflaged Object Tracking Meets Vision-Language SAM2

Chunhui Zhang, Li Liu, Guanjie Huang, Zhipeng Zhang, Hao Wen, Xi Zhou, Shiming Ge, Yanfeng Wang

机构 * Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学) The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)(香港科技大学(广州)) CloudWalk Technology Co., Ltd(云walk科技有限公司) Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院信息工程研究所) Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory(上海人工智能实验室)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(abstract,comments);multi-modal(abstract);分类 cs.CV、cs.AI

Comments Accepted to CVPR 2025 Workshop on CV4Animals. https://github.com/983632847/Awesome-Multimodal-Object-Tracking

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2504.01321 2025-04-03 cs.CV cs.AI 74%

COST: Contrastive One-Stage Transformer for Vision-Language Small Object Tracking

Chunhui Zhang, Li Liu, Jialin Gao, Xin Sun, Hao Wen, Xi Zhou, Shiming Ge, Yanfeng Wang

专题命中 图文多模态 :multi-modal(abstract);cross-modal(abstract);分类 cs.CV、cs.AI;multimodal(comments)

Comments Preprint submitted to Elsevier. https://github.com/983632847/Awesome-Multimodal-Object-Tracking

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2302.06078 2023-02-15 cs.CL cs.CV 74%

NYCU-TWO at Memotion 3: Good Foundation, Good Teacher, then you have Good Meme Analysis

Yu-Chien Tang, Kuang-Da Wang, Ting-Yun Ou, Wen-Chih Peng

专题命中 图文多模态 :multi-modal(abstract);image-text(abstract);分类 cs.CV、cs.CL;multimodal(comments)

Comments De-Factify 2: Second Workshop on Multimodal Fact Checking and Hate Speech Detection, co-located with AAAI 2023

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2501.19060 2026-07-28 cs.CV cs.LG 版本更新 74%

Shift-Aware Calibration for Fine-Tuned CLIP: Leveraging Image-Text Alignment

用于微调CLIP的移位感知校准:利用图像-文本对齐

Song-Lin Lv, Yu-Yang Chen, Zhi Zhou, Lan-Zhe Guo

专题命中 图文多模态 :image-text(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 研究针对微调CLIP时预测置信度与准确性不一致问题,提出无需训练的移位感知校准(SAC)方法,利用原始与微调CLIP输出对数差异作校准信号,经实验验证该方法在多数据集和微调方法上提升了校准效果。

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2607.06534 2026-07-14 cs.CV 版本更新 74%

CAIRN: Cross-Room 3D Scene Understanding with Topology-Aware Large Multimodal Models

CAIRN:使用拓扑感知大型多模态模型进行跨房间3D场景理解

He Liang, Chenyang Ma, Yiming Zhang, Sangyun Shin, Andrew Markham, Niki Trigoni, Yuhang He

机构 * University of Oxford(牛津大学) Microsoft(微软公司) Simon Fraser University(西蒙弗雷泽大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 研究针对现有3D-LLMs不能处理多房间场景问题,提出拓扑感知3D-LLM即CAIRN。其将Transformer注意力与场景层次对齐,通过多种方式增强模型能力。在新基准CAIRN-MR上实验,CAIRN在多房间任务中大幅超越前人,单房间任务也具竞争力。

Comments Project Page: https://oceansdepp.github.io/cairn_web/

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2607.07361 2026-07-13 cs.CV 新提交 74%

BUS: Brain-Inspired Unsupervised Self-Reflection via Backward Prediction for Multimodal Reasoning

BUS:用于高级多模态推理的受脑启发的无监督自我反思

Jiacheng Yang, Tongying Xiao, Yunkai Dang, Cong Wang, Yuekun Yang, Qi Fan, Tianyu Ding, Wenbin Li, Feng Miao, Yang Gao

机构 * AAAI Press(美国人工智能协会出版社)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 研究针对VLM处理复杂视觉任务的不足,受脑启发提出BUS无监督训练框架,通过反向预测提升其反思推理能力,无需标注数据,与多种微调方法兼容,经实验验证在多任务中有效提升了VLM推理性能。

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2512.21815 2026-06-30 cs.CV cs.LG 74%

High-Entropy Tokens as Multimodal Failure Points in Vision-Language Models

高熵标记作为视觉-语言模型中的多模态失败点

Mengqi He, Xinyu Tian, Xin Shen, Jinhong Ni, Shu Zou, Zhaoyuan Yang, Jing Zhang

机构 * The Australia National University(澳大利亚国立大学) The University of Queensland(昆士兰大学) GE research(GE研究)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 本研究揭示视觉-语言模型中约20%的高熵标记集中了不成比例的对抗性影响,并提出基于熵引导的稀疏攻击方法(EGA),实现高攻击成功率与有害率。

Comments 19 Pages,11 figures,8 tables

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2606.28266 2026-06-29 cs.CV 新提交 74%

RSICCLLM: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Remote Sensing Image Change Captioning

RSICCLLM:用于遥感图像变化描述的多模态大语言模型

Yelin Wang, Zijia Song, Shuo Ye, Chuanguang Yang, Miaoyu Wang, Yong Xu, Zhulin An, Yongjun Xu, Zitong Yu

机构 * State Key Laboratory of AI Safety, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China(人工智能安全国家重点实验室,计算技术研究所,中国科学院,北京,中国) Great Bay University, Dongguan, China(东莞Great Bay大学,中国) Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China(哈尔滨工业大学深圳学院,中国) Dongguan Key Laboratory for Intelligence and Information Technology, Dongguan, China(东莞智能与信息科技重点实验室,中国)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 提出首个针对遥感图像变化描述任务的大视觉语言模型后训练框架RSICCLLM,通过数据生成范式、差异感知微调和双负偏好优化,仅7B参数即超越更大规模模型。

Comments Accepted by ECCV 2026

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2606.09360 2026-06-09 cs.CV 新提交 74%

ExDet: Open-Domain Open-Vocabulary Detection with Cross-modal Extrapolation and Rectification

ExDet: 基于跨模态外推与校正的开放域开放词汇检测

Yupeng Zhang, Yuzhong Feng, Ruize Han, Zhiwei Chen, Wei Feng, Liang Wan

机构 * College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University(天津大学智能与计算学部) Faculty of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology(深圳理工大学计算机科学与人工智能学院) School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanchang University(南昌大学人工智能学院)

专题命中 图文多模态 :cross-modal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 提出ExDet框架,通过文本引导外推(TGE)和检测器兼容校正(DCR)模块,无需额外训练即可增强开放域开放词汇检测的跨类别和跨域泛化能力,在多个基准上取得最优性能。

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2602.00400 2026-05-13 cs.AI 74%

KEPO: Knowledge-Enhanced Preference Optimization for Multimodal Reasoning with Applications to Medical VQA

KEPO:基于知识的偏好优化用于多模态推理及其在医学VQA中的应用

Fan Yang, Rui Meng, Trudi Di Qi, Ali Ezzati, Yuxin Wen

机构 * Chapman University(查普曼大学) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory(劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室) University of California, Irvine(加州大学伊文斯分校)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.AI

AI总结 KEPO通过质量门控的在线蒸馏和知识增强的探索策略,提升多模态推理任务的训练稳定性与推理一致性,优于强化学习和在线蒸馏基线。

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2604.04564 2026-04-07 cs.RO cs.CV 74%

Visual Prompt Based Reasoning for Offroad Mapping using Multimodal LLMs

基于视觉提示的越野制图推理使用多模态大语言模型

Abdelmoamen Nasser, Yousef Baba'a, Murad Mebrahtu, Nadya Abdel Madjid, Jorge Dias, Majid Khonji

机构 * Khalifa University(哈利法大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 本文提出一种零样本方法,利用SAM2进行环境分割和多模态大语言模型(VLM)进行可行驶区域推理,通过整合分割图像和原始图像实现越野制图推理,无需专门地形模型。

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2603.27898 2026-03-31 cs.CV 74%

SAGE: Sink-Aware Grounded Decoding for Multimodal Hallucination Mitigation

SAGE:面向sink的 grounded 解码用于多模态幻觉缓解

Tripti Shukla, Zsolt Kira

机构 * Georgia Institute of Technology(佐治亚理工学院)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 SAGE通过动态调节自注意力机制,实时监控 grounding 可靠性,有效缓解多模态幻觉问题,实验显示在MSCOCO和AMBER基准上取得显著提升。

Comments 25 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2603.21010 2026-03-24 cs.CV 74%

SkinCLIP-VL: Consistency-Aware Vision-Language Learning for Multimodal Skin Cancer Diagnosis

SkinCLIP-VL: 一种面向多模态皮肤癌诊断的一致性感知视觉-语言学习框架

Zhixiang Lu, Shijie Xu, Kaicheng Yan, Xuyue Cai, Chong Zhang, Yulong Li, Angelos Stefanidis, Anh Nguyen, Jionglong Su

机构 * Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University(西安交通大学利物浦大学) University of Liverpool(利物浦大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 本文提出SkinCLIP-VL,通过冻结感知与自适应推理范式,结合CLIP编码器与轻量量化Qwen2.5-VL,引入一致性聚焦对齐损失,实现高效皮肤癌诊断,优于13B参数基线模型,参数更少且临床信任度更高。

Comments Accepted by 2026 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2026)

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2412.06263 2026-03-10 cs.CV 74%

iLLaVA: An Image is Worth Fewer Than 1/3 Input Tokens in Large Multimodal Models

iLLaVA: 图像的价值少于三分之一的输入标记在大型多模态模型中

Lianyu Hu, Liqing Gao, Fanhua Shang, Liang Wan, Wei Feng

机构 * School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University(天津大学计算机科学与技术学院) School of Computer Science and Technology, Tiangong University(天津工大学计算机科学与技术学院) Key Research Center for Surface Monitoring and Analysis of Relics, State Administration of Cultural Heritage(文物表面监测与分析关键研究中心,国家文物局)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 iLLaVA通过联合优化图像编码器和LLM,减少冗余标记并提升吞吐量,实现更高效的多模态模型性能。

Comments Accepted by ICLR2026,code is released at https://github.com/hulianyuyy/iLLaVA

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2603.00251 2026-03-05 cs.SE cs.AI cs.SY eess.SY 74%

GENAI WORKBENCH: AI-Assisted Analysis and Synthesis of Engineering Systems from Multimodal Engineering Data

GenAI Workbench: 人工智能辅助从多模态工程数据中分析和合成工程系统

H. Sinan Bank, Daniel R. Herber

机构 * Colorado State University(科罗拉多州立大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.AI

AI总结 GenAI Workbench通过整合AI技术,实现从多模态工程数据中辅助分析和合成工程系统,促进更集成和数据驱动的工程设计方法。

Comments 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted to be presented at IISE Annual Conference 2026

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2512.22120 2026-02-06 cs.CV 74%

See Less, See Right: Bi-directional Perceptual Shaping For Multimodal Reasoning

看得少,看得对:双向感知塑造用于多模态推理

Shuoshuo Zhang, Yizhen Zhang, Jingjing Fu, Lei Song, Jiang Bian, Yujiu Yang, Rui Wang

机构 * Microsoft Research Asia(微软亚洲研究院) Tsinghua University(清华大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 本文提出BiPS,通过双向感知塑造提升多模态推理性能,有效增强细粒度视觉依赖并提升跨领域泛化能力。

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2601.19267 2026-01-28 cs.CL 74%

DiaDem: Advancing Dialogue Descriptions in Audiovisual Video Captioning for Multimodal Large Language Models

DiaDem: 促进音频视频字幕中的对话描述以提升多模态大语言模型

Xinlong Chen, Weihong Lin, Jingyun Hua, Linli Yao, Yue Ding, Bozhou Li, Bohan Zeng, Yang Shi, Qiang Liu, Yuanxing Zhang, Pengfei Wan, Liang Wang, Tieniu Tan

机构 * New Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院自动化研究所模式识别新实验室) School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学人工智能学院) Kling Team, Kuaishou Technology(快手科技 Kling 团队) Peking University(北京大学) Nanjing University(南京大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CL

AI总结 DiaDem通过合成高质量数据集和难度分区的两阶段GRPO策略,提升了音频视频字幕中的对话描述准确性,并在多种基准测试中表现出色。

Comments Project webpage: https://diadem-captioner.github.io/

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2412.14233 2026-01-28 cs.CV 74%

Enhancing Descriptive Captions with Visual Attributes for Multimodal Perception

通过视觉属性增强描述性标题以实现多模态感知

Yanpeng Sun, Jing Hao, Ke Zhu, Jiang-Jiang Liu, Yuxiang Zhao, Xiaofan Li, Na Zhao, Zechao Li, Jingdong Wang

机构 * NJUST(南京理工大学) Baidu VIS(百度视觉部) HKU(香港大学) NJU(南京大学) SUTD(新加坡科技设计大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 本文提出EDC方法,通过整合视觉专家的低级和细粒度属性,提升图像标题的描述质量,以增强多模态感知能力。

Comments An open-source Agent for generating detailed image captions

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2601.16973 2026-01-26 cs.CV 74%

VisGym: Diverse, Customizable, Scalable Environments for Multimodal Agents

VisGym: 多模态代理的多样化、可定制化、可扩展环境

Zirui Wang, Junyi Zhang, Jiaxin Ge, Long Lian, Letian Fu, Lisa Dunlap, Ken Goldberg, XuDong Wang, Ion Stoica, David M. Chan, Sewon Min, Joseph E. Gonzalez

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 VisGym通过多样化环境评估多模态代理在多步视觉决策中的表现,揭示模型在长上下文处理和视觉化任务中的局限性。

Comments Project page: https://visgym.github.io/

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2601.16108 2026-01-23 cs.AI 74%

Multimodal Climate Disinformation Detection: Integrating Vision-Language Models with External Knowledge Sources

多模态气候虚假信息检测:整合视觉-语言模型与外部知识源

Marzieh Adeli Shamsabad, Hamed Ghodrati

机构 * CRIM

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.AI

AI总结 本文提出整合视觉-语言模型与外部知识源,以提升多模态气候虚假信息检测的准确性与实时性。

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2512.00597 2025-12-02 cs.CV 74%

Scaling Down to Scale Up: Towards Operationally-Efficient and Deployable Clinical Models via Cross-Modal Low-Rank Adaptation for Medical Vision-Language Models

缩小规模以扩大规模:通过跨模态低秩适应实现操作高效且可部署的临床模型

Thuraya Alzubaidi, Farhad R. Nezami, Muzammil Behzad

机构 * King Fahd University of Petroleum(国王法赫德石油与矿物大学) Institute for Medical Engineering(医学工程研究所) Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US(科学,麻省理工学院,美国) Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, US(哈佛医学院,哈佛大学,美国) SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saudi Arabia(SDAIA-KFUPM人工智能联合研究中心,沙特阿拉伯)

专题命中 图文多模态 :cross-modal(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 通过跨模态低秩适应,MedCT-VLM在零样本分类中实现了对CT影像的高效适应,显著提升了病理分类的性能。

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2511.17103 2025-11-24 cs.CV 74%

Bridging Visual Affective Gap: Borrowing Textual Knowledge by Learning from Noisy Image-Text Pairs

弥合视觉情感差距:通过学习噪声图像-文本对借用文本知识

Daiqing Wu, Dongbao Yang, Yu Zhou, Can Ma

机构 * Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院信息工程研究所) School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学网络安全学院) TMCC, College of Computer Science, Nankai University(TMCC,南开大学计算机学院)

专题命中 图文多模态 :image-text(title);分类 cs.CV

AI总结 本文提出通过学习噪声图像-文本对中的文本知识,弥合视觉情感识别中的情感差距,提升预训练视觉模型的情感感知能力。

Comments Accepted by ACM MM 2024

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2510.06009 2025-11-19 cs.CV 74%

Continual Learning for Image Captioning through Improved Image-Text Alignment

Bertram Taetz, Gal Bordelius

机构 * IT & Engineering International University of Applied Sciences(IT与工程国际应用科学大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :image-text(title);分类 cs.CV

Comments 11 pages, 3 figures

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2401.02044 2025-11-11 cs.CV 74%

A multi-modal vision-language model for generalizable annotation-free pathology localization

Hao Yang, Hong-Yu Zhou, Jiarun Liu, Weijian Huang, Cheng Li, Zhihuan Li, Yuanxu Gao, Qiegen Liu, Yong Liang, Qi Yang, Song Wu, Tao Tan, Hairong Zheng, Kang Zhang, Shanshan Wang

机构 * Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging(生物医学成像研究中心) Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院) Pengcheng Laboratory(鹏城实验室) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学) Chinese Medicine Guangdong Laboratory(广东中医药实验室) Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University(首都医科大学北京朝阳医院)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multi-modal(title);分类 cs.CV

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2510.22838 2025-10-28 cs.CV 74%

Semantic-Preserving Cross-Style Visual Reasoning for Robust Multi-Modal Understanding in Large Vision-Language Models

Aya Nakayama, Brian Wong, Yuji Nishimura, Kaito Tanaka

专题命中 图文多模态 :multi-modal(title);分类 cs.CV

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2502.20625 2025-10-28 cs.CV 74%

T2ICount: Enhancing Cross-modal Understanding for Zero-Shot Counting

Yifei Qian, Zhongliang Guo, Bowen Deng, Chun Tong Lei, Shuai Zhao, Chun Pong Lau, Xiaopeng Hong, Michael P. Pound

机构 * University of Nottingham(诺丁汉大学) University of St Andrews(圣安德鲁大学) City University of Hong Kong(香港城市大学) Nanyang Technology University(南洋理工大学) Harbin Institute of Technology(哈尔滨工业大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :cross-modal(title);分类 cs.CV

Comments Accepted by CVPR2025

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2509.23827 2025-09-30 cs.CV cs.LG 74%

Assessing Visual Privacy Risks in Multimodal AI: A Novel Taxonomy-Grounded Evaluation of Vision-Language Models

Efthymios Tsaprazlis, Tiantian Feng, Anil Ramakrishna, Rahul Gupta, Shrikanth Narayanan

机构 * University of Southern California(南加州大学) Amazon AGI(亚马逊人工智能实验室)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2509.11247 2025-09-16 cs.CV 74%

Contextualized Multimodal Lifelong Person Re-Identification in Hybrid Clothing States

Robert Long, Rongxin Jiang, Mingrui Yan

机构 * University of Padua(帕多瓦大学) Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology(黑龙江科技大学)

专题命中 图文多模态 :multimodal(title);分类 cs.CV

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2501.04678 2025-08-20 eess.IV cs.CV 74%

RadGPT: Constructing 3D Image-Text Tumor Datasets

Pedro R. A. S. Bassi, Mehmet Can Yavuz, Kang Wang, Xiaoxi Chen, Wenxuan Li, Sergio Decherchi, Andrea Cavalli, Yang Yang, Alan Yuille, Zongwei Zhou

机构 * Johns Hopkins University(约翰霍普金斯大学) University of Bologna(博洛尼亚大学) Italian Institute of Technology(意大利理工学院) University of California, San Francisco(加州大学旧金山分校) Istanbul Medipol University(伊斯坦布尔Medipol大学) University of Zurich(苏黎世大学) ETH AI Center(ETH人工智能中心) University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校) École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(洛桑联邦理工学院)

专题命中 图文多模态 :image-text(title);分类 cs.CV

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏
2301.01955 2025-08-19 cs.CV 74%

Adaptively Clustering Neighbor Elements for Image-Text Generation

Zihua Wang, Xu Yang, Hanwang Zhang, Haiyang Xu, Ming Yan, Fei Huang, Yu Zhang

机构 * School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University(计算机科学与工程学院,南洋理工大学) DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group(达摩院,阿里巴巴集团)

专题命中 图文多模态 :image-text(title);分类 cs.CV

Comments This work has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia

详情

展开后加载摘要…

URL PDF HTML 收藏