医学 AI

DiffNR: Diffusion-Enhanced Neural Representation Optimization for Sparse-View 3D Tomographic Reconstruction

DiffNR: 用于稀疏视图3D断层成像重建的扩散增强神经表示优化

Shiyan Su, Ruyi Zha, Danli Shi, Hongdong Li, Xuelian Cheng

机构 * Monash University（莫纳什大学） ； The Australian National University（澳大利亚国立大学） ； Hong Kong Polytechnic University（香港理工大学） 纠错

专题命中 医学影像 ：CT(summary_cn,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、eess.IV

AI总结 DiffNR通过引入扩散先验改进神经表示优化，解决稀疏视图下CT成像的严重伪影问题，提升PSNR并保持高效优化。

Comments Accepted to AAAI 2026. Project page: https://ooonesevennn.github.io/DiffNR/

Neuro-Oracle: A Trajectory-Aware Agentic RAG Framework for Interpretable Epilepsy Surgical Prognosis

Neuro-Oracle：一种具有轨迹意识的代理RAG框架用于可解释性癫痫手术预后

Aizierjiang Aiersilan, Mohamad Koubeissi

机构 * The George Washington University（乔治华盛顿大学） 纠错

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(summary_cn,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG

AI总结 本文提出Neuro-Oracle框架，通过三维Siamese对比编码器提取术前术后MRI变化，检索历史相似手术轨迹，并利用量化Llama-3-8B推理代理生成自然语言预后，验证了轨迹意识检索架构的可行性。

AGFS-Tractometry: A Novel Atlas-Guided Fine-Scale Tractometry Approach for Enhanced Along-Tract Group Statistical Comparison Using Diffusion MRI Tractography

AGFS-束测：一种基于图谱的精细束测方法，用于利用弥散MRI束图进行增强的沿束群体统计比较

Ruixi Zheng, Wei Zhang, Yijie Li, Xi Zhu, Zhou Lan, Jarrett Rushmore, Yogesh Rathi, Nikos Makris, Lauren J. O'Donnell, Fan Zhang

机构 * University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学） ； Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School（哈佛医学院布里奇曼妇女医院） ； Boston University（波士顿大学） 纠错

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

AI总结 AGFS-束测提出了一种基于图谱的精细束测方法，通过利用弥散MRI束图信息和排列检验，提高沿束群体统计比较的敏感性和特异性，有效识别白质群体差异。

Comments 31 pages and 7 figures

Decoding the human brain tissue response to radiofrequency excitation using a biophysical-model-free deep MRI on a chip framework

利用芯片上的深度MRI框架解码人类脑组织对射频激发的响应

Dinor Nagar, Moritz Zaiss, Or Perlman

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)；分类 q-bio

AI总结 该研究提出了一种基于视觉Transformer的芯片上MRI框架，通过快速校准扫描实现对脑组织射频激发响应的解码，提高了MRI检查效率并拓展了临床应用范围。

Comments This project was funded by the European Union (ERC, BabyMagnet, project no. 101115639). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them

Denoising Diffusion Models for Anomaly Localization in Medical Images

医学图像中异常定位的去噪扩散模型

Cosmin I. Bercea, Philippe C. Cattin, Julia A. Schnabel, Julia Wolleb

机构 * School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑技术大学计算、信息与技术学院） ； Institute of Machine Learning in Biomedical Imaging, Helmholtz Munich, Germany（生物医学影像机器学习研究所，海德堡慕尼黑德国） ； Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland（巴塞尔大学生物医学工程系，瑞士Allschwil） ； School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, United Kingdom（伦敦国王学院生物医学工程与影像科学学院，英国） ； Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA（耶鲁大学医学院生物医学信息学与数据科学系，美国新罕布什尔州新 Haven） ； Yale Biomedical Imaging Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA（耶鲁大学生物医学影像研究院，美国新罕布什尔州新 Haven） 纠错

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(title,abstract)；biomedical(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、eess.IV

AI总结 本文探讨了利用去噪扩散模型在医学图像中实现异常定位的方法，分析了不同监督方案的有效性及挑战，指出扩散模型在该领域的应用潜力。

Comments Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2025:030

Journal ref Machine.Learning.for.Biomedical.Imaging. 3 (2025)

RoentMod: A Synthetic Chest X-Ray Modification Model to Identify and Correct Image Interpretation Model Shortcuts

Lauren H. Cooke, Matthias Jung, Jan M. Brendel, Nora M. Kerkovits, Borek Foldyna, Michael T. Lu, Vineet K. Raghu

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical AI(abstract)；medical image(abstract)；pathology(abstract)；radiology(abstract)

Comments 25 + 8 pages, 4 + 7 figures

Full-Head Segmentation of MRI with Abnormal Brain Anatomy: Model and Data Release

Andrew M Birnbaum, Adam Buchwald, Peter Turkeltaub, Adam Jacks, George Carra, Shreya Kannana, Yu Huang, Abhisheck Datta, Lucas C Parra, Lukas A Hirsch

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Quest for a clinically relevant medical image segmentation metric: the definition and implementation of Medical Similarity Index

Szuzina Fazekas, Bettina Katalin Budai, Viktor Bérczi, Pál Maurovich-Horvat, Zsolt Vizi

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(title,abstract)；radiology(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Interpretable Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Rectal Cancer MRI Using Variational Autoencoders

Benjamin Keel, Aaron Quyn, David Jayne, Maryam Mohsin, Samuel D. Relton

机构 * University of Leeds（利兹大学） ； Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust（利兹教学医院国家健康服务信托） 纠错

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；medical image(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG

Comments Published in Medical Image Understanding and Analysis (MIUA) 2025

Journal ref In: Ali, S., Hogg, D.C., Peckham, M. (eds) Medical Image Understanding and Analysis. MIUA 2025. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 15917. Springer, Cham (2026)

A Novel Automatic Real-time Motion Tracking Method in MRI-guided Radiotherapy Using Enhanced Tracking-Learning-Detection Framework with Automatic Segmentation

Shengqi Chen, Zilin Wang, Jianrong Dai, Shirui Qin, Ying Cao, Ruiao Zhao, Jiayun Chen, Guohua Wu, Yuan Tang

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

LiteNeXt: A Novel Lightweight ConvMixer-based Model with Self-embedding Representation Parallel for Medical Image Segmentation

Ngoc-Du Tran, Thi-Thao Tran, Quang-Huy Nguyen, Manh-Hung Vu, Van-Truong Pham

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(title,abstract)；biomedical(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、eess.IV

Comments This manuscript has been accepted by Biomedical Signal Processing and Control

Journal ref Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 2025

Unraveling Normal Anatomy via Fluid-Driven Anomaly Randomization

Peirong Liu, Ana Lawry Aguila, Juan E. Iglesias

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(abstract)；MRI(abstract)；CT(abstract)；pathology(abstract)

Comments 16 pages, 6 figures

Finding Reproducible and Prognostic Radiomic Features in Variable Slice Thickness Contrast Enhanced CT of Colorectal Liver Metastases

Jacob J. Peoples, Mohammad Hamghalam, Imani James, Maida Wasim, Natalie Gangai, Hyunseon Christine Kang, X. John Rong, Yun Shin Chun, Richard K. G. Do, Amber L. Simpson

专题命中 医学影像 ：CT(title,abstract)；biomedical(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、eess.IV

Comments Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2024:032

Journal ref Machine.Learning.for.Biomedical.Imaging. 2 (2025)

Considerations and Recommendations from the ISMRM Diffusion Study Group for preclinical diffusion MRI: Part 1 -- In vivo small-animal imaging

Ileana O Jelescu, Francesco Grussu, Andrada Ianus, Brian Hansen, Rachel L C Barrett, Manisha Aggarwal, Stijn Michielse, Fatima Nasrallah, Warda Syeda, Nian Wang, Jelle Veraart, Alard Roebroeck, Andrew F Bagdasarian, Cornelius Eichner, Farshid Sepehrband, Jan Zimmermann, Lucas Soustelle, Christien Bowman, Benjamin C Tendler, Andreea Hertanu, Ben Jeurissen, Marleen Verhoye, Lucio Frydman, Yohan van de Looij, David Hike, Jeff F Dunn, Karla Miller, Bennett A Landman, Noam Shemesh, Adam Anderson, Emilie McKinnon, Shawna Farquharson, Flavio Dell' Acqua, Carlo Pierpaoli, Ivana Drobnjak, Alexander Leemans, Kevin D Harkins, Maxime Descoteaux, Duan Xu, Hao Huang, Mathieu D Santin, Samuel C. Grant, Andre Obenaus, Gene S Kim, Dan Wu, Denis Le Bihan, Stephen J Blackband, Luisa Ciobanu, Els Fieremans, Ruiliang Bai, Trygve B Leergaard, Jiangyang Zhang, Tim B Dyrby, G Allan Johnson, Julien Cohen-Adad, Matthew D Budde, Kurt G Schilling

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；biomedical(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Comments 47 pages, 5 figures, 1 table

Lung tumor segmentation in MRI mice scans using 3D nnU-Net with minimum annotations

Piotr Kaniewski, Fariba Yousefi, Yeman Brhane Hagos, Talha Qaiser, Nikolay Burlutskiy

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Neuroradiological features of traumatic encephalopathy syndrome using MRI and FDG-PET imaging: a case series in Australia

Rowena Mobbs, Fatima Nasrallah, Xuan Vinh To, John Magnussen, Jennifer Batchelor, Edward Hsiao, Mark Walterfang

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Comments 19 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables

CTSpine1K: A Large-Scale Dataset for Spinal Vertebrae Segmentation in Computed Tomography

Yang Deng, Ce Wang, Yuan Hui, Qian Li, Jun Li, Shiwei Luo, Mengke Sun, Quan Quan, Shuxin Yang, You Hao, Pengbo Liu, Honghu Xiao, Chunpeng Zhao, Xinbao Wu, S. Kevin Zhou

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(abstract)；CT(abstract)；pathology(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

Comments Accepted by MICCAI2024 Open Data for oral presentation and will be published as a part of the journal MELBA special issue

Counterfactual Explanations for Medical Image Classification and Regression using Diffusion Autoencoder

Matan Atad, David Schinz, Hendrik Moeller, Robert Graf, Benedikt Wiestler, Daniel Rueckert, Nassir Navab, Jan S. Kirschke, Matthias Keicher

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(title,abstract)；biomedical(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG

Comments Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2024:024. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2303.12031

Journal ref Machine.Learning.for.Biomedical.Imaging. 2 (2024)

Generative models of MRI-derived neuroimaging features and associated dataset of 18,000 samples

Sai Spandana Chintapalli, Rongguang Wang, Zhijian Yang, Vasiliki Tassopoulou, Fanyang Yu, Vishnu Bashyam, Guray Erus, Pratik Chaudhari, Haochang Shou, Christos Davatzikos

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Detailed delineation of the fetal brain in diffusion MRI via multi-task learning

Davood Karimi, Camilo Calixto, Haykel Snoussi, Maria Camila Cortes-Albornoz, Clemente Velasco-Annis, Caitlin Rollins, Camilo Jaimes, Ali Gholipour, Simon K. Warfield

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Mask-Enhanced Segment Anything Model for Tumor Lesion Semantic Segmentation

Hairong Shi, Songhao Han, Shaofei Huang, Yue Liao, Guanbin Li, Xiangxing Kong, Hua Zhu, Xiaomu Wang, Si Liu

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(abstract)；MRI(abstract)；CT(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

Contextual Embedding Learning to Enhance 2D Networks for Volumetric Image Segmentation

Zhuoyuan Wang, Dong Sun, Xiangyun Zeng, Ruodai Wu, Yi Wang

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(abstract)；MRI(abstract)；CT(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

Comments 15 pages, 9 figures

SpatialVisVR: An Immersive, Multiplexed Medical Image Viewer With Contextual Similar-Patient Search

Jai Prakash Veerla, Partha Sai Guttikonda, Amir Hajighasemi, Jillur Rahman Saurav, Aarti Darji, Cody T. Reynolds, Mohamed Mohamed, Mohammad S. Nasr, Helen H. Shang, Jacob M. Luber

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(title,abstract)；pathology(abstract)；分类 q-bio

BMAD: Benchmarks for Medical Anomaly Detection

Jinan Bao, Hanshi Sun, Hanqiu Deng, Yinsheng He, Zhaoxiang Zhang, Xingyu Li

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(abstract)；MRI(abstract)；CT(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

CoNeS: Conditional neural fields with shift modulation for multi-sequence MRI translation

Yunjie Chen, Marius Staring, Olaf M. Neve, Stephan R. Romeijn, Erik F. Hensen, Berit M. Verbist, Jelmer M. Wolterink, Qian Tao

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；biomedical(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、eess.IV

Comments Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2024:004

Journal ref Machine.Learning.for.Biomedical.Imaging. 2 (2024)

Choice of training label matters: how to best use deep learning for quantitative MRI parameter estimation

Sean C. Epstein, Timothy J. P. Bray, Margaret Hall-Craggs, Hui Zhang

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；biomedical(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.LG、eess.IV

Comments Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2024:002

Journal ref Machine.Learning.for.Biomedical.Imaging. 2 (2024)

Shape-aware Segmentation of the Placenta in BOLD Fetal MRI Time Series

S. Mazdak Abulnaga, Neel Dey, Sean I. Young, Eileen Pan, Katherine I. Hobgood, Clinton J. Wang, P. Ellen Grant, Esra Abaci Turk, Polina Golland

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；biomedical(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、eess.IV

Comments Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2023:017. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2208.02895

Journal ref Machine.Learning.for.Biomedical.Imaging. 2 (2023)

A Recycling Training Strategy for Medical Image Segmentation with Diffusion Denoising Models

Yunguan Fu, Yiwen Li, Shaheer U Saeed, Matthew J Clarkson, Yipeng Hu

专题命中 医学影像 ：medical image(title)；CT(abstract)；biomedical(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、eess.IV

Comments Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2023:016

Journal ref Machine.Learning.for.Biomedical.Imaging. 2 (2023)

Generalized super-resolution 4D Flow MRI $\unicode{x2013}$ using ensemble learning to extend across the cardiovascular system

Leon Ericsson, Adam Hjalmarsson, Muhammad Usman Akbar, Edward Ferdian, Mia Bonini, Brandon Hardy, Jonas Schollenberger, Maria Aristova, Patrick Winter, Nicholas Burris, Alexander Fyrdahl, Andreas Sigfridsson, Susanne Schnell, C. Alberto Figueroa, David Nordsletten, Alistair A. Young, David Marlevi

专题命中 医学影像 ：MRI(title,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Comments 10 pages, 5 figures

A Robust Deep Learning Method with Uncertainty Estimation for the Pathological Classification of Renal Cell Carcinoma based on CT Images

Ni Yao, Hang Hu, Kaicong Chen, Chen Zhao, Yuan Guo, Boya Li, Jiaofen Nan, Yanting Li, Chuang Han, Fubao Zhu, Weihua Zhou, Li Tian

专题命中 医学影像 ：CT(title,abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Comments 16 pages, 6 figures