医学 AI

Random feature baselines provide distributional performance and feature selection benchmarks for clinical and 'omic machine learning

Randall J. Ellis, Audrey Airaud, Chirag J. Patel

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；biomedical(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Comments Findings paper presented at Machine Learning for Health (ML4H) symposium 2024, December 15-16, 2024, Vancouver, Canada, 5 pages

Autonomous Artificial Intelligence Agents for Clinical Decision Making in Oncology

Dyke Ferber, Omar S. M. El Nahhas, Georg Wölflein, Isabella C. Wiest, Jan Clusmann, Marie-Elisabeth Leßman, Sebastian Foersch, Jacqueline Lammert, Maximilian Tschochohei, Dirk Jäger, Manuel Salto-Tellez, Nikolaus Schultz, Daniel Truhn, Jakob Nikolas Kather

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：medical AI(abstract)；radiology(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Comments 91 pages, 2 Figures

Automated interpretation of congenital heart disease from multi-view echocardiograms

Jing Wang, Xiaofeng Liu, Fangyun Wang, Lin Zheng, Fengqiao Gao, Hanwen Zhang, Xin Zhang, Wanqing Xie, Binbin Wang

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；medical image(comments,journal_ref)；分类 cs.CV、eess.IV

Comments Published in Medical Image Analysis

Journal ref Medical Image Analysis (Volume 69, April 2021, 101942)

A cry for help: Early detection of brain injury in newborns

Charles C. Onu, Samantha Latremouille, Arsenii Gorin, Junhao Wang, Innocent Udeogu, Uchenna Ekwochi, Peter O. Ubuane, Omolara A. Kehinde, Muhammad A. Salisu, Datonye Briggs, Yoshua Bengio, Doina Precup

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：CT(abstract)；pathology(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Deep Learning in fNIRS: A review

Condell Eastmond, Aseem Subedi, Suvranu De, Xavier Intes

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；biomedical(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Comments 41 pages, 9 figures

Classification of eye-state using EEG recordings: speed-up gains using signal epochs and mutual information measure

Phoebe M Asquith, Hisham Ihshaish

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Journal ref In Proceedings of the 23rd International Database Applications & Engineering Symposium IDEAS 2019

Longitudinal Prognosis of Parkinsons Outcomes using Causal Connectivity

Cooper J. Mellema, Kevin P. Nguyen, Alex Treacher, Aixa Andrade Hernandez, Albert A. Montillo

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：MRI(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Skin marker-based subject-specific spinal alignment modeling: A feasibility study

Stefan Schmid, Lukas Connolly, Greta Moschini, Michael L. Meier, Marco Senteler

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：pathology(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Journal ref Journal of Biomechanics. 2022;137:111102

Interpretation of Brain Morphology in Association to Alzheimer's Disease Dementia Classification Using Graph Convolutional Networks on Triangulated Meshes

Emanuel A. Azcona, Pierre Besson, Yunan Wu, Arjun Punjabi, Adam Martersteck, Amil Dravid, Todd B. Parrish, S. Kathleen Bandt, Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Comments Accepted for the Shape in Medical Imaging (ShapeMI) workshop at MICCAI International Conference 2020

EP-PINNs: Cardiac Electrophysiology Characterisation using Physics-Informed Neural Networks

Clara Herrero Martin, Alon Oved, Rasheda A Chowdhury, Elisabeth Ullmann, Nicholas S Peters, Anil A Bharath, Marta Varela

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：pathology(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)；分类 q-bio

A generative adversarial approach to facilitate archival-quality histopathologic diagnoses from frozen tissue sections

Kianoush Falahkheirkhah, Tao Guo, Michael Hwang, Pheroze Tamboli, Christopher G Wood, Jose A Karam, Kanishka Sircar, Rohit Bhargava

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Comments 24 pages, 6 figures, and 3 tables

Machine learning approach for biopsy-based identification of eosinophilic esophagitis reveals importance of global features

Tomer Czyzewski, Nati Daniel, Mark Rochman, Julie M. Caldwell, Garrett A. Osswald, Margaret H. Collins, Marc E. Rothenberg, Yonatan Savir

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

A Global View of Standards for Open Image Data Formats and Repositories

Jason R. Swedlow, Pasi Kankaanpää, Ugis Sarkans, Wojtek Goscinski, Graham Galloway, Ryan P. Sullivan, Claire M. Brown, Chris Wood, Antje Keppler, Ben Loos, Sara Zullino, Dario Livio Longo, Silvio Aime, Shuichi Onami

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；biomedical(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Modelling the Neuroanatomical Progression of Alzheimer's Disease and Posterior Cortical Atrophy

Razvan V. Marinescu

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：pathology(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Comments PhD thesis; Defended in Jan 2019 at University College London

On the use of Pairwise Distance Learning for Brain Signal Classification with Limited Observations

David Calhas, Enrique Romero, Rui Henriques

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、q-bio

Anionic nanoparticle-lipid membrane interactions: the protonation of anionic ligands at the membrane surface reduces membrane disruption

Sebastian Salassi, Ester Canepa, Riccardo Ferrando, Giulia Rossi

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；biomedical(abstract)；分类 q-bio

Journal ref RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 13992

Community-Aware Transformer for Autism Prediction in fMRI Connectome

Anushree Bannadabhavi, Soojin Lee, Wenlong Deng, Xiaoxiao Li

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.LG、q-bio、eess.IV；medical image(comments)

Comments Accepted by 26th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2023)

Early Disease Stage Characterization in Parkinson's Disease from Resting-state fMRI Data Using a Long Short-term Memory Network

Xueqi Guo, Sule Tinaz, Nicha C. Dvornek

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.LG、q-bio、eess.SP；biomedical(comments)

Comments Submitted to IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics

A Source-Grounded Framework for Constructing and Evaluating Progressive Multimodal Diagnostic Dialogues from Clinical Case Reports

基于来源的从临床病例报告构建和评估渐进式多模态诊断对话的框架

Yufan Wang, Rui Yang, Yi Liu, Yi Lin, Yifan Peng

机构 * Weill Cornell Medicine（威尔康奈尔医学院） 纠错

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：medical image(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

AI总结 该研究提出基于来源的框架用于构建渐进式多模态诊断对话，并评估MLLMs的诊断推理能力，实验显示所提框架转换病例报告的参考对话表现优异，而前沿MLLMs的相关指标显著更低。

Comments Accepted to IEEE HealthCom 2026, Distinguished Invited Papers Track

RareLens: Towards End-to-End Rare Disease Care via Aligning Divergent Large Language Model Reasoning

RareLens：通过对齐不同的大语言模型推理实现端到端罕见病护理

Xi Chen, Hongru Zhou, Shiyu Feng, Hanyu Zhou, Huahui Yi, Rongsheng Wang, Tiancheng He, Kun Wang, Pingping Liu, Qiankun Li, Sicheng Lin, Huiying Ou, Xiaohong Zheng, Tianying Zang, Zhuohang Wu, Leheng Jiang, Kexin Cao, Wenhan Zhang, ChengYi Li, Zhiyang Wang, Songlin Li, Benyou Wang, Ningbei Yin, Shaoting Zhang, Weili Fu, Jian Li, Kang Li

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：clinical AI(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

AI总结 针对罕见病诊断难题，RareLens系统利用不同大语言模型推理的差异，通过四个协同模块实现全病程临床决策支持，在真实数据集和外部研究中表现出色，证明对齐模型推理是高不确定性临床决策的有效策略。

Comments 100 pages 7 figures

RESPClinBench: Benchmarking Multimodal Clinical Decision-Making and Longitudinal Disease Management in Respiratory Specialty Care

RESPClinBench：呼吸专科医疗中的多模态临床决策与纵向疾病管理基准测试

Mouxiao Bian, Zhi Chen, Ruiyao Chen, Lu Lu, Hengrui Liang, Chaoyi Huang, Yiluo Lin, Jingru Ding, Yun Zhong, Yueming Su, Jie Xu

机构 * Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory（上海人工智能实验室） ； Macau University of Science and Technology（澳门科技大学） ； First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University（广州医科大学附属第一医院） ； Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health（广州呼吸健康研究院） 纠错

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：CT(abstract,abstract_cn)

AI总结 该研究开发了呼吸专科多模态临床决策与纵向疾病管理基准RESPClinBench，在两个数据集上评估7种大模型，识别模型在肺结节评估和COPD管理的局限，为模型选择提供临床依据。

The Asymmetric Effects of Knowledge Distillation on Bias in Small Language Models

知识蒸馏对小型语言模型偏见的非对称影响

Plawan Kumar Rath

机构 * Meta 纠错

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract,abstract_cn)

AI总结 该研究发现知识蒸馏对小型语言模型偏见存在非对称影响，明确任务下提升上下文遵循能力，模糊任务下破坏弃权校准，提出PCCD协议可捕捉聚合指标遗漏的危害。

Comments 18 pages, 5 figures. Preprint

Evaluating Multi-Turn Multimodal Diagnostic Reasoning on Challenging Real-World Clinical Cases

评估具有挑战性的真实世界临床病例中的多轮多模态诊断推理

Rui Yang, Weihao Xuan, Yi Lin, Zhuhan Bao, Jonathan Chong Kai Liew, Matthew Yu Heng Wong, Nicolás Lescano, Nikita R. Paripati, Emily Ling-Lin Pai, Jiarui Liu, Heli Qi, Heng-Jui Chang, Benny Kai Guo Loo, Huitao Li, Kunyu Yu, Yufan Wang, Chuan Hong, Shijian Lu, Douglas Teodoro, Naoto Yokoya, Ross Koppel, Mona Diab, Hua Xu, David W. Bates, Nan Liu, Yifan Peng

机构 * Center for Biomedical Data Science, Duke-NUS Medical School（生物医学数据科学中心，杜克 - 新加坡国立大学医学院） ； Duke-NUS AI + Medical Sciences Initiative, Duke-NUS Medical School（杜克 - 新加坡国立大学人工智能与医学科学计划，杜克 - 新加坡国立大学医学院） ； Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine（人口健康科学系，威尔康奈尔医学院） ； System Engineering, College of Engineering, Cornell University（系统工程，康奈尔大学工程学院） ； Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo（前沿科学研究生院，东京大学） ； RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project（理化学研究所先进智能项目中心） ； Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University（生物统计学与生物信息学系，杜克大学） ； Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania（佩雷尔曼医学院，宾夕法尼亚大学） ； School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge（临床医学学院，剑桥大学） ； Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学医院） ； Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP)（费城儿童医院） ； Department of Anatomic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania（解剖病理学与检验医学系，宾夕法尼亚大学医院） ； Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco（病理学与检验医学系，加州大学旧金山分校） ； Language Technologies Institute, Carnegie Mellon University（语言技术研究所，卡内基梅隆大学） 纠错

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：medical image(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

AI总结 研究针对现有多模态大语言模型评估难以捕捉现实临床诊断复杂性的问题，开发ClinMM-Bench基准，用两级框架评估15个模型，发现专有模型诊断准确性最高，但各模型完全正确诊断比例有限，当前模型诊断推理有局限并明确了失败模式。

VeriLLMed: Interactive Visual Debugging of Medical Large Language Models with Knowledge Graphs

VeriLLMed: 基于知识图谱的医疗大语言模型交互式可视化调试

Yurui Xiang, Xingyi Mao, Rui Sheng, Zixin Chen, Zelin Zang, Yuyang Wu, Haipeng Zeng, Huamin Qu, Yushi Sun, Yanna Lin

机构 * IEEE 纠错

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；biomedical(abstract)

AI总结 本文提出VeriLLMed系统，通过整合外部生物医学知识，帮助开发者审计和调试医疗大语言模型的诊断推理过程，识别三种常见诊断错误类型，提升模型可靠性。

Comments Accepted by VIS 2026

Roadmap Towards Quantum Entanglement Positron Emission Tomography (QE-PET)

量子纠缠正电子发射断层扫描（QE-PET）的路线图

Paweł Moskal, Shiva Abbaszadeh, Harmanjeet Singh Bilkhu, Peter Caradonna, Pragya Das, Praveen Gurunath Bharathi, Ana Marija Kožuljević, Zdenka Kuncic, Deepak Kumar, Mihael Makek, Marek Nowakowski, Siddharth Parashari, Kaustav Prasad, Gregory R. Romanchek, Sushil Sharma, Kenji Shimazoe, Ewa Stępień, Sodai Takyu, Miwako Takahashi, Mizuki Uenomachi, Ritesh Verma, Taiga Yamaya

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：pathology(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

AI总结 介绍量子纠缠正电子发射断层扫描（QE-PET）研究现状，阐述利用湮灭光子纠缠的探测器系统及物理现象，通过抑制随机符合等开发相关方法技术，有望用于增强PET成像、确定诊断生物标志物及pH成像，邀科学界加入该新兴领域。

Cross-Modal Fusion of OCT and OCT angiography enface for Improved Diagnostics of Diabetic Retinopathy

用于改善糖尿病视网膜病变诊断的OCT与OCT血管造影en face跨模态融合

Rashadul Hasan Badhon, Atalie Carina Thompson, Jennifer I. Lim, Theodore Leng, Minhaj Nur Alam

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、eess.IV

AI总结 针对糖尿病视网膜病变精准筛查需求，提出双向跨模态注意力网络融合OCT与en face OCTA实现自动分类，实验验证该方案性能优于单模态模型，生成式OCTA可降低硬件依赖。

Predicting Early Stages Of Alzheimer's Disease And Identifying Key Biomarkers Using Deep Artificial Neural Network And Ensemble Of Machine Learning Methodologies

使用深度人工神经网络和集成机器学习方法预测阿尔茨海默病早期阶段并识别关键生物标志物

Debopriya Ghosh

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；分类 cs.CV、cs.LG、eess.IV

AI总结 提出结合深度神经网络与集成机器学习模型，利用临床、神经心理测试和神经影像数据，通过处理缺失值、类别不平衡和特征选择，实现阿尔茨海默病早期检测并识别关键生物标志物。

Comments Master's

Dementia-Agents: A Multi-Modal Multi-Agent System for Dementia Staging and Phenotyping

Dementia-Agents：用于痴呆分期和表型分析的多模态多智能体系统

Yaling Shen, Maja Christensen, Yiwen Jiang, Jenna Dennison, David Darby, Amy Brodtmann, Zongyuan Ge

机构 * Monash University（莫纳什大学） ； Eastern Health（东部健康） ； Lived Experience Advisor（生活经验顾问） 纠错

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：pathology(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

AI总结 提出Dementia-Agents多智能体框架，通过数据翻译、专家预测和协调聚合三步流程，在真实临床队列中实现优于单一MLLM和先前多智能体系统的痴呆综合征级分期与表型分析。

Comments 8 pages

Gender-Dependent Diagnostic Substitution in LLM Medical Triage: Same Symptoms, Unequal Urgency

LLM医疗分诊中的性别依赖性诊断替代：相同症状，不同紧急程度

Qi Han Wong

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：clinical LLM(abstract)；diagnosis(abstract)

AI总结 研究大型语言模型在相同神经症状下，仅因患者性别和年龄不同而产生不同的分诊建议，发现年轻女性被系统性低估紧急程度，机制为诊断替代。

Comments 7 pages, 3 tables. Multi-model replication across Gemini, Claude, and GPT. Code and data: https://github.com/wongqihan/ai-behavioral-experiments

Mid-Infrared Single-Photon Edge Enhanced Imaging based on Nonlinear Vortex Filtering

基于非线性涡旋滤波的中红外单光子边缘增强成像

Yinqi Wang, Jianan Fang, Tingting Zheng, Yan Liang, Qiang Hao, E Wu, Ming Yan, Kun Huang, Heping Zeng

专题命中 诊断辅助 ：diagnosis(abstract)；biomedical(abstract)

AI总结 提出基于非线性频率上转换和涡旋相位滤波的方法，实现中红外单光子级边缘增强成像，提高灵敏度并应用于无标记病理诊断和缺陷检测。

Journal ref Laser & Photonics Reviews 15, 2100189 (2021)