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声致发光和QED真空

Sonoluminescence and the QED vacuum

S. Liberati, Matt Visser, F. Belgiorno, D. W. Sciama

摘要:

在这次演讲中,我将描述几年前由J.Schwinger提出的声致发光的量子真空方法的扩展。我们将首先考虑一个模型计算的基础上Bogolubov系数有关的QED真空中存在的膨胀气泡的存在下,在一个崩溃的气泡。这样,我们就可以得到发射的光谱和总能量的估计。正如施温格所预言的那样,后者将被证明与折射率变化的空间体积成比例。在初步检查之后,我们将处理任何可行的SL动力学模型为了拟合实验数据而必须满足的物理约束。我们将强调折射率变化时间尺度的重要性。这一讨论将使我们提出一个稍微不同版本的动态卡西米尔效应,其中气泡体积的变化不再是折射率变化的唯一来源。

英文摘要:

In this talk I shall describe an extension of the quantum-vacuum approach to sonoluminescence proposed several years ago by J.Schwinger. We shall first consider a model calculation based on Bogolubov coefficients relating the QED vacuum in the presence of an expanded bubble to that in the presence of a collapsed bubble. In this way we shall derive an estimate for the spectrum and total energy emitted. This latter will be shown to be proportional to the volume of space over which the refractive index changes, as Schwinger predicted. After this preliminary check we shall deal with the physical constraints that any viable dynamical model for SL has to satisfy in order to fit the experimental data. We shall emphasize the importance of the timescale of the change in refractive index. This discussion will led us to propose a somewhat different version of dynamical Casimir effect in which the change in volume of the bubble is no longer the only source for the change in the refractive index.

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