微结构中原子的量子统计
Quantum statistics of atoms in microstructures
摘要：
本文提出了一种用于观察囚禁粒子量子信息过程的沟槽势结构。作为例子，在50-50分束器的量子统计的影响进行了研究。对于非相互作用粒子，我们恢复了光子实验的结果，但是我们发现粒子相互作用破坏了完美的玻色子关联。由于不相容原理，费米子会相互避开，因此它们对粒子相互作用的敏感度要低得多。对于玻色子来说，这种行为可以用简单的分析来解释，这些分析预测了一定的普适性。通过详细的数值计算验证了这一点。
英文摘要：
This paper proposes groove-like potential structures for the observation of quantum information processing by trapped particles. As an illustration the effect of quantum statistics at a 50-50 beam splitter is investigated. For non-interacting particles we regain the results known from photon experiments, but we have found that particle interactions destroy the perfect bosonic correlations. Fermions avoid each other due to the exclusion principle and hence they are far less sensitive to particle interactions. For bosons, the behavior can be explained with simple analytic considerations which predict a certain amount of universality. This is verified by detailed numerical calculations.
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