自旋态的重构及其概念意义

Epistemically restricted phase space representation, weak momentum value, and reconstruction of quantum wave function

A phase space distribution associated with a quantum state was previously proposed, which incorporates a specific epistemic restriction parameterized by a global random variable on the order of Planck constant, transparently manifesting quantum uncertainty in phase space. Here we show that the epistemically restricted phase space (ERPS) distribution can be determined via weak measurement of momentum followed by post-selection on position. In the ERPS representation, the phase and amplitude of the wave function are neatly captured respectively by the position-dependent (conditional) average and…

Implications of Local Friendliness violation for quantum causality

We provide a new formulation of the Local Friendliness no-go theorem of Bong et al [Nat. Phys. 16, 1199 (2020)] from fundamental causal principles, providing another perspective on how it puts strictly stronger bounds on quantum reality than Bell's theorem. In particular, quantum causal models have been proposed as a way to maintain a peaceful coexistence between quantum mechanics and relativistic causality, while respecting Leibniz's methodological principle. This works for Bell's theorem but does not work for the Local Friendliness no-go theorem, which considers an extended Wigner's Friend s…

物理学中的语境性：对量子认知的启示

Some Examples of Contextuality in Physics: Implications to Quantum Cognition

情境性是量子力学的一个核心方面，它不可能指定一个单一的随机变量来代表在不同实验条件下相同测量过程的结果。因此，它出现在量子力学中的著名案例中，如双缝实验，贝尔-EPR实验和Kochen-Specker定理。在这里，我们研究在这种情况下的上下文，并讨论如何将它们各自带来不同的概念问题时，应用到量子认知。然后，我们专注于使用量子概率来描述社会系统的缺点，并解释如何负准概率分布可以解决这些限制。

Two-photon tomography using on-chip quantum walks

We present a conceptual approach to quantum tomography based on first expanding a quantum state across extra degrees of freedom and then exploiting the introduced sparsity to perform reconstruction. We formulate its application to photonic circuits, and show that measured spatial photon correlations at the output of a specially tailored discrete-continuous quantum-walk can enable full reconstruction of any two-photon spatially entangled and mixed state at the input. This approach does not require any tunable elements, so is well suited for integration with on-chip superconducting photon detect…

动态约简模型

Dynamical Reduction Models

该报告提出了一个详尽的审查，最近试图克服的困难，标准量子力学满足会计的测量（或宏观客观化）的问题，一个尝试的基础上考虑非线性和随机修改的薛定谔方程。所提出的新动力学的特点是不与任何已知的事实相矛盾的微观系统和会计的特点，一个独特的，普遍的动力学原理的基础上，波包减少和宏观系统的经典行为。我们回顾了新方法的动机，我们简要回顾了其他建议，以规避上述文献中出现的困难。通过这种方式，我们明确了新方法的概念和历史背景。在回顾了数学技术（随机微分），这是必不可少的严格和精确的制定新的动态，我们详细讨论了它的影响，我们强调其相关的概念成就。新的建议还需要制定一个适当的解释;一个程序，导致我们重新考虑许多重要问题的概念地位的理论的基础上真正的希尔伯特空间描述的自然过程。我们还讨论了可能性和遇到的问题，试图发展一个类似的形式主义的相对论性的情况。最后，我们讨论了各种物理过程的新动力学的实验意义，原则上，应该允许测试它对量子力学。

Quantum theory as a principle theory: insights from an information-theoretic reconstruction

We give a condensed and accessible summary of a recent derivation of quantum theory from information-theoretic principles, and use it to study the consequences of this and other reconstructions for our conceptual understanding of the quantum world. Since these principles are to a large extent expressed in computational terminology, we argue that the hypothesis of "physics as computation", if suitably interpreted, attains surprising explanatory power. Similarly as Jeffrey Bub and others, we conclude that quantum theory should be understood as a "principle theory of information", and we regard t…

量子重构作为通往 Psi-信念态解释的垫脚石？

Quantum Reconstructions as Stepping Stones toward Psi-Doxastic Interpretations?

本文分析量子重构纲领对 Psi-本体态与认知态解释的挑战，论证 Psi-信念态解释若要与之相容，需发展以非事实性经验术语表述的重构。

QPP-RNG：一个用于产生真随机性的概念性量子系统

QPP-RNG: A Conceptual Quantum System for True Randomness

本文提出并实验演示了概念性量子系统QSQS及其具体实现QPP-RNG，通过测量排列排序过程的共轭可观测量，结合CPU抖动等物理波动动态重置PRNG，生成高质量真随机数，为后量子密码系统提供了基于物理的真随机性工程视角。