宇宙中真的几乎不包含任何信息吗？
Does the universe in fact contain almost no information?
摘要：
乍看起来，对宇宙状态的准确描述似乎需要令人难以置信的大量信息，甚至可能是无限的信息，即使我们将注意力限制在一个小的子系统，如兔子。在本文中，我们认为，从我们的主观观点来看，这些信息中的大部分仅仅是显而易见的，整个宇宙的算法信息含量接近于零。有人认为，如果薛定谔方程是普遍有效的，那么退相干和某些非线性系统的标准混沌行为将使宇宙对任何碰巧居住在其中的自我意识子集来说显得极其复杂，即使它在大爆炸后不久处于一个相当简单的状态。例如，引力不稳定性会将海森堡不确定原理所要求的微观原始密度波动放大为相当宏观的不均匀性，迫使宇宙的当前波函数包含这样的拜占庭叠加，因为我们的星球同时处于许多宏观上不同的地方。由于退相干阻止我们经历不止一个宏观现实，我们会看到看似复杂的恒星星座等，即使宇宙的初始波函数是完全均匀和各向同性的。
英文摘要：
At first sight, an accurate description of the state of the universe appears to require a mind-bogglingly large and perhaps even infinite amount of information, even if we restrict our attention to a small subsystem such as a rabbit. In this paper, it is suggested that most of this information is merely apparent, as seen from our subjective viewpoints, and that the algorithmic information content of the universe as a whole is close to zero. It is argued that if the Schrödinger equation is universally valid, then decoherence together with the standard chaotic behavior of certain non-linear systems will make the universe appear extremely complex to any self-aware subsets that happen to inhabit it now, even if it was in a quite simple state shortly after the big bang. For instance, gravitational instability would amplify the microscopic primordial density fluctuations that are required by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle into quite macroscopic inhomogeneities, forcing the current wavefunction of the universe to contain such Byzantine superpositions as our planet being in many macroscopically different places at once. Since decoherence bars us from experiencing more than one macroscopic reality, we would see seemingly complex constellations of stars etc, even if the initial wavefunction of the universe was perfectly homogeneous and isotropic.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
