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arXiv quant-ph/0703154quant-phmath-phmath.MP
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泡利图与有限射影线/几何

Pauli graph and finite projective lines/geometries

Michel R. P. Planat, Metod Saniga

摘要:

研究了N量子点的广义Pauli算子之间的对易关系。例如,N p-能级量子系统),以及它们的最大交换基集的结构,遵循一个很好的图论/几何模式。人们可以用算子识别顶点/点,使得边/线连接它们的交换对以形成所谓的泡利图P_{p^N}。对于每两个量子比特(p = 2,N = 2),该图的所有基本性质和划分都体现在二阶辛广义四边形W(2)的几何中。两个四元图(p = 3,N = 2)的结构涉及更多;在这里,为了看到与两个量子比特情况的所有相似之处以及它与广义四边形Q(4,3)的几何关系,W(3)的对偶,处理它的对偶变得更方便。最后,多个(N > 3)量子比特/量子比特的广义邻接图被证明是从二阶/三阶辛极空间得出的。这些数学概念的相互无偏基地和量子纠缠的相关性也突出了一些细节。

英文摘要:

The commutation relations between the generalized Pauli operators of N-qudits (i. e., N p-level quantum systems), and the structure of their maximal sets of commuting bases, follow a nice graph theoretical/geometrical pattern. One may identify vertices/points with the operators so that edges/lines join commuting pairs of them to form the so-called Pauli graph P_{p^N} . As per two-qubits (p = 2, N = 2) all basic properties and partitionings of this graph are embodied in the geometry of the symplectic generalized quadrangle of order two, W(2). The structure of the two-qutrit (p = 3, N = 2) graph is more involved; here it turns out more convenient to deal with its dual in order to see all the parallels with the two-qubit case and its surmised relation with the geometry of generalized quadrangle Q(4, 3), the dual of W(3). Finally, the generalized adjacency graph for multiple (N > 3) qubits/qutrits is shown to follow from symplectic polar spaces of order two/three. The relevance of these mathematical concepts to mutually unbiased bases and to quantum entanglement is also highlighted in some detail.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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