为什么Kastner分析不适用于修改后的Afshar实验
Why Kastner analysis does not apply to a modified Afshar experiment
摘要：
在对Afshar实验的分析中，R.E. Kastner指出，这个实验中使用的选择系统随机地分离了到达探测器的光子，因此没有获得哪条路的信息。在本文中，我们提出了一个修改后的，但等效版本的Afshar实验，不包含一个选择装置。双缝被两束小角度重叠的相干激光束所取代。在光束的交叉处，可以以非微扰的方式推断出干涉图案，这证实了叠加态的存在。在远场中，光束分离而不使用透镜系统。动量守恒保证了哪种方式的信息被保存。我们还提出了一个替代序列的斯特恩-格拉赫设备，代表一个密切的模拟阿夫沙尔实验设置。
英文摘要：
In an analysis of the Afshar experiment R.E. Kastner points out that the selection system used in this experiment randomly separates the photons that go to the detectors, and therefore no which-way information is obtained. In this paper we present a modified but equivalent version of the Afshar experiment that does not contain a selection device. The double-slit is replaced by two separate coherent laser beams that overlap under a small angle. At the intersection of the beams an interference pattern can be inferred in a non-perturbative manner, which confirms the existence of a superposition state. In the far field the beams separate without the use of a lens system. Momentum conservation warranties that which-way information is preserved. We also propose an alternative sequence of Stern-Gerlach devices that represents a close analogue to the Afshar experimental set up.
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