量子密钥分发在密码学中的应用
Using quantum key distribution for cryptographic purposes: a survey
摘要：
从密码学的角度来看，量子密钥分发（QKD）的吸引人的特征是能够证明所建立的密钥的信息理论安全性（ITS）。然而，作为密钥建立原语，QKD本身并不提供独立的安全服务：由QKD建立的秘密密钥通常然后由后续的密码应用使用，其要求、使用上下文和安全属性可以变化。因此，从将QKD集成到安全基础设施的角度来看，分析QKD如何与其他密码原语相结合是很重要的。这篇调查文章主要以欧洲的研究结果为中心，旨在为这样的分析做出贡献。我们首先回顾和比较现有的密钥建立技术，量子密钥分配是其中之一的属性。然后，我们更具体地研究了两个一般的情况下，在加密基础设施中的QKD的实际使用：1）使用QKD作为一个对称密码的密钥更新技术在点对点链路; 2）使用QKD在网络中包含许多用户的目标，提供任何到任何密钥建立服务。我们讨论的限制，以及在这些情况下使用QKD的潜在利益。最后，我们给出了一个概述的挑战相对于量子密钥分配技术的发展，也构成了潜在的途径密码学研究。
英文摘要：
The appealing feature of quantum key distribution (QKD), from a cryptographic viewpoint, is the ability to prove the information-theoretic security (ITS) of the established keys. As a key establishment primitive, QKD however does not provide a standalone security service in its own: the secret keys established by QKD are in general then used by a subsequent cryptographic applications for which the requirements, the context of use and the security properties can vary. It is therefore important, in the perspective of integrating QKD in security infrastructures, to analyze how QKD can be combined with other cryptographic primitives. The purpose of this survey article, which is mostly centered on European research results, is to contribute to such an analysis. We first review and compare the properties of the existing key establishment techniques, QKD being one of them. We then study more specifically two generic scenarios related to the practical use of QKD in cryptographic infrastructures: 1) using QKD as a key renewal technique for a symmetric cipher over a point-to-point link; 2) using QKD in a network containing many users with the objective of offering any-to-any key establishment service. We discuss the constraints as well as the potential interest of using QKD in these contexts. We finally give an overview of challenges relative to the development of QKD technology that also constitute potential avenues for cryptographic research.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
