Possible considerations to teleport fermionic particles via studying on teleportation of two-particle state with a four fermionic-particle pure entangled state
Shilan Savan, Mehrdad Ghominejad
备注：
4 pages, poster presented at IPM-LHP06, Tehran, Iran; PSN: IPM-LHP06-19May
In this paper we have firstly recapped some evolutionary debates on conceptual quantum information matters, followed by an experiment done by Lamei-Rashti and his collaborator, by which the bell inequality on p-p scattering is violated. We then, by using the goal of his experiment, thought to arrange POVM formalism for a possible teleportation of two particle states, via nuclear magnetic spin of four entangled hydrogen like atoms.
We consider multiple teleportation in the Knill-Laflamme-Milburn (KLM) scheme. We introduce adaptive teleportation, i.e., such that the choice of entangled state used in the next teleportation depends on the results of the measurements performed during the previous teleportations. We show that adaptive teleportation enables an increase in the probability of faithful multiple teleportation in the KLM scheme. In particular if a qubit is to be teleported more than once then it is better to use nonmaximally entangled states than maximally entangled ones in order to achieve the highest probability …
We investigate the multiple teleportation with some nonmaximally entangled channels. The efficiencies of two multiple teleportation protocols, the separate multiple teleportation protocol (SMTP) and the global multiple teleportation protocol (GMTP), are calculated. We show that GMTP is more efficient than SMTP.
Quantum teleportation with additional a priori information about the input state achieves higher fidelity than teleportation of a completely unknown state. However, perfect teleportation of two non-orthogonal input states requires the same amount of entanglement as perfect teleportation of an unknown state, namely one ebit. We analyse how well two-state teleportation can be achieved using every degree of pure-state entanglement, and discuss the fidelity of `teleportation' that can be achieved with only classical communication but no shared entanglement. A two-state telecloning scheme is constr…
We show two new aspects of teleportation based on generalized measurements: I. We present an alternative approach to teleportation based on ``generating $ρ$-ensembles at spacetime separation''; This approach provides a better understanding of teleportation. II. We define the concept of {\em conclusive teleportation} and we show how to teleport a quantum state using any pure entangled state; we show how to use the conclusive teleportation as a criterion for non-locality.
Causal order can improve the quantum information transmission in teleportation due a noisy entangled resource by using an appropriate measurement state on the control state ruling the causal order. In this work, we get analytically the fidelity for the entire process under an arbitrary measurement over such control state and then we get a perfect teleportation by selecting the optimal measurement on it. We also analyse other values characterizing the imperfect entangled state where a perfect teleportation can not be reached. Notably, we determine that the best fidelity does not depend on the p…
As a variant of the original quantum teleportation, the port-based teleportation has been proposed, and its various kinds of useful applications in quantum information processing have been explored. Two users in the port-based teleportation initially share an arbitrary pure state, which can be represented by applying one user's local operation to a bipartite maximally entangled state. If the maximally entangled state is a $2M$-qudit state, then it can be expressed as $M$ copies of a two-qudit maximally entangled state, where $M$ is the number of the ports. We here consider a generalization of …
Recent experiments confirm that quantum teleportation is possible at least for states of photons and nuclear spins. The quantum teleportation is not only a curious effect but a fundamental protocol of quantum communication and quantum computing. The principles of the quantum teleportation and the entanglement swapping are explained, and physical realizations of teleportation of optical and atomic states are discussed.
We report an experimental implementation of tripartite controlled quantum teleportation on the quantum optical devices. The protocol is performed through bi- and tripartite entangled channels of discrete variables and qubits encoded in polarization of individual photons. The experimental results demonstrate successful controlled quantum teleportation with a fidelity around $83\%$, well above the classical limit. By realizing the controlled quantum teleportation through biseparable state, we show that tripartite entangled is not a necessary resource for controlled quantum teleportation and the …
Schemes for generation and protocols for network teleportation of multimode entangled cat-states are proposed. Explicit expressions for probability of successful teleportation are derived for both symmetric and asymmetric networks.
We study the quantum controlled and probabilistic teleportation protocol via a four-cluster state (Front. Phys. (2017) 12: 120306). The protocol cannot achieve the goal that if the teleportation fails, it can be repeated without copies of the teleported state. And the reason is that all the information of the teleported state shifts to the receiver's particle after Bell measurement and the information cannot shift back to the sender without other entangled states. To realize the claimed goal, a new quantum controlled and probabilistic teleportation protocol using the same four-cluster state is…
The standard benchmark for teleportation is the average fidelity of teleportation and according to this benchmark not all states are useful for teleportation. It was recently shown however that all entangled states lead to non-classical teleportation, with there being no classical scheme able to reproduce the states teleported to Bob. Here we study the operational significance of this result. On the one hand we demonstrate that every entangled state is useful for teleportation if a generalization of the average fidelity of teleportation is considered which concerns teleporting quantum correlat…
Quantum teleportation is a method for utilizing quantum measurements and the maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair to transmit an unknown quantum state. It is well known that all entangled states demonstrate so-called "nonclassical teleportation" that cannot be simulated by the seminal classical measure-prepare strategy. Herein, we propose a new benchmark which reveals that not all nonclassical teleportations are truly quantum-mechanical. Rather, there exists a more robust classical-teleportation model, which includes the measure-prepare mimicry as a special case, that can des…
Mixed entangled states are generic resource for quantum teleportation. Optimal teleportation fidelity measures the success of quantum teleportation. The relevance of rank in the teleportation process is investigated by constructing three new maximally entangled mixed states (MEMS) of different ranks. Linear entropy, concurrence, optimal teleportation fidelity and Bell function are obtained for each of the state analytically. It is found that mixed states with higher rank are better resource for teleportation. In order to achieve a fixed value of optimal teleportation fidelity, we find that low…
We investigate the teleportation of an entangled two-qubit state using three-qubit GHZ and W channels. The effects of white noise on the average teleportation fidelity and amount of entanglement transmitted are also studied.
Teleportation algorithm assumes specific Bell states as input, but actual sources typically generates more than one. This work presents a teleportation algorithm for a two Bell states mixture, including remaining distortion from previous control process.
Teleportation for pure states, mixed states with standard and optimal protocols are introduced and investigated systematically. An explicit equation governing the teleportation of finite dimensional quantum pure states by a generally given non-local entangled state is presented. For the teleportation of a mixed state with an arbitrary mixed state resource, an explicit expression is obtained for the quantum channel associated with the standard teleportation protocol. The corresponding transmission fidelity is calculated. It is shown that the standard teleportation protocol is not optimal. The o…
A quantum teleportation scheme based on the EPR-pair entangled with respect to the ``energy+time'' variables is proposed. Teleportation of the multimode state of a single-photon wave packet is considered.
We address the issue of totally teleporting the quantum state of an external particle, as opposed to studies on partial teleportation of external single-particle states, total teleportation of coherent states and encoded single-particle states, and intramolecular teleportation of nuclear spin states. We find a set of commuting observables whose measurement directly projects onto the Bell-basis and discuss a possible experiment, based on two-photon absorption, allowing, for the first time, total teleportation of the state of a single external photon through a direct projective measurement.
We study quantum teleportation via a two-qubit Heisenberg XXZ chain under an inhomogeneous magnetic field. We first consider entanglement teleportation, and then focus on the teleportation fidelity under different conditions. The effects of anisotropy and the magnetic field, both uniform and inhomogeneous, are discussed. We also find that, though entanglement teleportation does require an entangled quantum channel, a nonzero critical value of minimum entanglement is not always necessary.
We investigate chain teleportation of a qutrit-state via the non-maximally two-qutrit entangled channels. For the case of four parties, the efficiencies of two chain teleportation protocols, the separate chain teleportation protocol (SCTP) and the global chain teleportation protocol (GCTP), are calculated. In SCTP the errors are corrected between every step while in GCTP the errors are corrected only at the end. Furthermore, we present a piecewise global chain teleportation protocol (PGCTP) for keeping away from the inconvenience of error-correction of GCTP. We show that PGCTP is more efficien…
Recently, Ri-Gui Zhou et al. [Int. J. Theor. Phys. 59, 166-172 (2020)] proposed a scheme for bidirectional quantum teleportation of two-two and two-three qubit states by utilizing a six-qubit entangled state as a quantum channel. It is observed that the intrinsic efficiency calculated by Zhou et al. is not correct. In this improved scheme, we show that bidirectional teleportation of two-two and two-three qubit quantum states can be done by using optimized quantum resource and less consumption of classical resource. We also calculate the intrinsic efficiency of our improved scheme which is much…
We study quantum teleportation with the resource of non-orthogonal qubit states. We first extend the standard teleportation protocol to the case of such states. We investigate how the loss of teleportation fidelity resulting for the use of non-orthogonal states compares to a similar loss of fidelity when noisy or non-maximally entangled states as used as teleportation resource. Our analysis leads to certain interesting results on the teleportation efficiency of both pure and mixed non-orthgonal states compared to that of non-maximally entangled and mixed states.
We study bipartite entangled states in arbitrary dimensions and obtain different bounds for the entanglement measures in terms of teleportation fidelity. We find that there is a simple relation between negativity and teleportation fidelity for pure states but for mixed states, an upper bound is obtained for negativity in terms of teleportation fidelity using convex-roof extension negativity (CREN). However, with this it is not clear how to distinguish betweeen states useful for teleportation and positive partial transpose (PPT) entangled states. Further, there exists a strong conjecture in the…
We investigate multiple linear optical teleportation in the Knill-Laflamme-Milburn scheme with both maximally and nonmaximally entangled states. We show that if the qubit is teleported several times via nonmaximally entangled state then the errors introduced in the previous teleportations can be corrected by the errors introduced in the following teleportations. This effect is so strong that it leads to another interesting phenomenon, i.e., the total probability of successful multiple linear optical teleportation is higher for nonmaximally entangled states than maximally entangled states.
We demonstrate a sequence of two quantum teleportations of optical coherent states, combining two high-fidelity teleporters for continuous variables. In our experiment, the individual teleportation fidelities are evaluated as F_1 = 0.70 \pm 0.02 and F_2 = 0.75 \pm 0.02, while the fidelity between the input and the sequentially teleported states is determined as F^{(2)} = 0.57 \pm 0.02. This still exceeds the optimal fidelity of one half for classical teleportation of arbitrary coherent states and almost attains the value of the first (unsequential) quantum teleportation experiment with optical…
A new notation for the quantum teleportation of finite dimensional quantum state through a generally entangled quantum channel is introduced. For a given quantum channel an explict mathematical criterion that governs the faithful teleportation is presented.
We present a scheme for probabilistic teleportation via a non-maximally entangled GHZ state. Quantum teleportation will succeed with a certain probability if the sender makes a generalized Bell state measurement, the cooperator performs a generalized $X$ basis measurement, and the receiver introduces an auxiliary particle, performs a collective unitary transformation and makes a measurement on the auxiliary particle. The success probability of the teleportation is given. We also obtain the maximum of the success probability of the teleportation.
Teleportation of continuous variables can be described in two different ways, one in terms of Wigner functions, the other in terms of discrete basis states. The latter formulation provides the connection between the theory of teleportation of continuous degrees of freedom of a light field and the standard description of teleportation of discrete variables.
We investigate the teleportation of a quantum state using a three-particle entangled W state. We compare and contrast our results with those in Ref.[11] where a three-particle entangled GHZ state was used. The effects of white noise on the average teleportation fidelities are also studied.
Quantum teleportation is a powerful protocol with applications in several schemes of quantum communication, quantum cryptography and quantum computing. The present work shows the required conditions for a two-qubit quantum gate to be deterministically and probabilistically teleported by a quantum gate teleportation scheme using different basis of measurement. Additionally, we present examples of teleportation of two-qubit gates that do not belong to Clifford group as well the limitations of the quantum gate teleportation scheme employing a four-qubit state with genuine four-way entanglement.
We analyze and evaluate perfect controlled teleportation via three-qubit entangled channels from the point of view of the controller. The key idea in controlled teleportation is that the teleportation is performed only with the participation of the controller. We calculate a quantitative measure of the controller's power and establish a lower bound on the control power required for controlled teleportation. We show that the maximally entangled GHZ state is a suitable channel for controlled teleportation of arbitrary single qubits - the controller's power meets the bound and the teleportation f…
We first define a quantity exhibiting the usefulness of bipartite quantum states for teleportation, called the quantum teleportation capability, and then investigate its restricted shareability in multi-party quantum systems. In this work, we verify that the quantum teleportation capability has a monogamous property in its shareability for arbitrary three-qutrit pure states by employing the monogamy inequality in terms of the negativity.
We propose a scheme for probabilistic teleportation of an unknown two-particle state of general formation in ion trap. It is shown that one can realize experimentally this teleportation protocol of two-particle state with presently available techniques.
Quantum teleportation, the process by which Alice can transfer an unknown quantum state to Bob by using pre-shared entanglement and classical communication, is one of the cornerstones of quantum information. The standard benchmark for certifying quantum teleportation consists in surpassing the maximum average fidelity between the teleported and the target states that can be achieved classically. According to this figure of merit, not all entangled states are useful for teleportation. Here we propose a new benchmark that uses the full information available in a teleportation experiment and prov…
We derive the maximum fidelity attainable for teleportation using a shared pair of d-level systems in an arbitrary pure state. This derivation provides a complete set of necessary and sufficient conditions for optimal teleportation protocols. We also discuss the information on the teleported particle which is revealed in course of the protocol using a non-maximally entangled state.
A quantum communication system is proposed that uses polarization-entangled photons and trapped-atom quantum memories. This system is capable of long-distance, high-fidelity teleportation, and long-duration quantum storage.
We investigate two-copy scenario of quantum teleportation based on Bell measurements. The detailed protocol is presented and the general expression of the corresponding optimal teleportation delity is derived, which is given by the two-copy fully entangled fraction that is invariant under local unitary transformations. We prove that under a speci c case of the protocol, which is signi cant for improving the optimal delity, the set of states with their two-copy fully entangled fractions bounded by a threshold value that required for useful two-copy teleportation is convex and compact. Hence the…
EPR steering is an important quantum resource in quantum information and computation. In this paper, its applications in quantum teleportation are investigated. First of all, the upper bound of the average teleportation fidelity based on the EPR steering is derived. When the receiver can only perform the identity or the Pauli rotation operations, the X-type states which violate the three-setting linear steering inequality could be used for teleportation. In the end, the steering observables and the average teleportation fidelities of the two-qubit reduced states for three-qubit pure states mai…
Quantum state teleportation is a protocol where a shared entangled state is used as a quantum channel to transmit quantum information between distinct locations. Here we consider the task of estimating entanglement in teleportation experiments. We show that the data accessible in a teleportation experiment allows to put a lower bound on some entanglement measures, such as entanglement negativity and robustness. Furthermore, we show cases in which the lower bounds are tight. The introduced lower bounds can also be interpreted as quantifiers of the nonclassicality of a teleportation experiment. …
Port-based teleportation (PBT) is a teleportation scheme such that the teleported state appears in one of receiver's multiple output ports without any correcting operation on the output port. In this paper, we make some remarks on PBT. Those include the possibility of recoverable PBT (a hybrid protocol between PBT and the standard teleportation scheme), the possibility of port-based superdense coding (a dual protocol to PBT), and the fidelily upper bound expected from the entanglement monogamy relation in asymmetric universal cloning.
We propose a scheme for probabilistic teleportation of unknown two-particle state with partly entangled four-particle state via POVM. In this scheme the teleportation of unknown two-particle state can be realized with certain probability by performing two Bell state measurements, a proper POVM and a unitary transformation.
We introduce new teleportation protocols which are generalizations of the original teleportation protocols that use the Pauli group [Bennett, et al. Physical Review Letters, 70(13) 1895-1899] and the port-based teleportation protocols, introduced by Hiroshima and Ishizaka [Physical Review Letters, 101(24) 240501], that use the symmetric permutation group. We derive sufficient condition for a set of operations, which in general need not form a group, to give rise to a teleportation protocol and provide examples of such schemes. This generalization leads to protocols with novel properties and is…
Quantum teleportation, which depends on entangled states, is a fascinating subject and an important branch of quantum information processing. The present work reports the use of a dipolar spin thermal system as a quantum channel to perform quantum teleportation. Non-locality, tested by violation of Bell's inequality and thermal entanglement, measured by negativity, unquestionably show that even entangled states that do not violate Bell's inequality can be useful for teleportation.
We discuss some properties of the Knill-Laflamme-Milburn scheme for quantum teleportation with both maximally and nonmaximally entangled states. We derive the error correction scheme when one performs teleportation with nonmaximally entangled states and we find the probability for perfect teleportation. We show that the maximally entangled state is optimal in such a case. We also show how the error correction scheme can be implemented experimentally when one uses polarization encoding.
We show, by making conditional measurements on the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) squeezed vacuum, that one can improve the efficacy of teleportation for both the position difference, momentum sum and number difference, phase sum continuous variable teleportation protocols. We investigate the relative abilities of the standard and conditional EPR states, and show that by conditioning we can improve the fidelity of teleportation of coherent states from below to above the $\bar{F} = 2/3$ boundary.
Two kinds of $M$-particle d-dimensional cat-like state teleportation protocols are present. In the first protocol, the teleportation is achieved by d-dimensional Bell-basis measurements, while in the second protocol it is realized by d-dimensional GHZ-basis measurement. It is also shown that the second protocol has a simple mathematical formulation that is identical to Bennett et al's original teleportation protocol for an unknown state of a single particle.
A non-standard teleportation scheme is proposed, wherein probabilistic teleportation is achieved in conventionally non-teleporting channels. We make use of entanglement monogamy to incorporate an unknown state in a multipartite entangled channel, such that the receiver partially gets disentangled from the network. Subsequently, the sender performs local measurement based teleportation protocol in an appropriate measurement basis, which results with the receiver in the possession of an unknown state, connected by local unitary transformation with the state to be teleported. This procedure succe…
Quantum teleportation is the transfer of quantum information between two locations by the use of shared entanglement. Current teleportation schemes broadly fall under one of two categories, of either qubit or continuous variables teleportation. Spin coherent states on spin ensembles can be teleported under the continuous variables approximation for states with small deviations from a given polarization. However, for spin coherent states with large deviations, no convenient teleportation protocol exists. Recently, we introduced a teleportation scheme where a spin coherent state lying on the equ…
The standard protocol for teleportation of a quantum state requires an entangled pair of particles and the use of two classical bits of information. Here, we present two protocols for teleportation that require only one classical bit. In the first protocol, chained XOR operations are performed on the particles before one of them is removed to the remote location where the state is being teleported. In the second protocol, three entangled particles are used.
Three-qubit mixed states are used as a channel for controlled quantum teleportation (CQT) of single-qubit states. The connection between different channel parameters to achieve maximum controlled teleportation fidelity is investigated. We show that for a given multipartite entanglement and mixedness, a class of non-maximally entangled mixed $X$ states ($X-$NMEMS) achieves optimum controlled quantum teleportation fidelity, interestingly a class of maximally entangled mixed $X$ states ($X-$MEMS) fails to do so. This demonstrates, for a given spectrum and mixedness, that $X-$MEMS are not sufficie…
We consider a generalized quantum teleportation protocol for an unknown qubit using non-maximally entangled state as a shared resource. Without recourse to local filtering or entanglement concentration, using standard Bell-state measurement and classical communication one cannot teleport the state with unit fidelity and unit probability. We show that using non-maximally entangled measurements one can teleport an unknown state with unit fidelity albeit with reduced probability, hence probabilistic teleportation. We also give a generalized protocol for entanglement swapping using non-maximally e…
In this paper, two kinds of coefficient matrixes (channel matrix, measurement matrix)associated with the pure state for teleportation are presented, the general relation among channel matrix, measurement matrix and collapsed matrix is obtained. In addition, a criterion for teleportation that the number of coefficient of an unknown state is determined by the rank of the collapsed matrix is given.
We propose a modified quantum teleportation scheme to increase the teleportation accuracy by applying a cubic phase gate to the displaced squeezed state. We have described the proposed scheme in Heisenberg's language, evaluating it from the point of view of adding an error in teleportation, and have shown that it allows achieving less error than the original scheme. Repeating the description in the language of wave functions, we have found the range of the displacement values, at which our conclusions will be valid. Using the example of teleportation of the vacuum state, we have shown that the…
Quantum teleportation is rigorously discussed with coherent entang led states given by beam splittings. The mathematical scheme of beam splitti ng has been used to study quantum communication and quantum stochastic. We d iscuss the teleportation process by means of coherent states in this scheme for the following two cases: (1) Delete the vacuum part from coherent states, whose compensation provides us a perfect teleportation from Alice to Bob. (2) Use fully realistic (physical) coherent states, which give s a non-perfect teleportation but shows that it is exact when the average en ergy (densi…
