基于经典Maxwell方程的量子化类光子波包
A photon-like wavepacket with quantised properties based on classical Maxwell's equations
摘要：
提出了一种基于麦克斯韦方程组新解的类光子波包。它被认为是第一个包含如此多被接受的量子特征的“经典”模型。在这项新的工作中，新的解决方案，麦克斯韦的经典方程色散波导被认为是本地螺旋扭曲与任意角频率W调制的经典模式（角频率w，群速度Vg）。只要螺旋速度vh等于vg，除了扭转之外，模态场图案不变。分别具有模式和螺旋频率（w，W）和（w，-W）的共振延迟波和超前波对捕获潜在经典模式的一个时间周期，形成光子状包，提供W =（M+1/2）w：“薛定谔”频率。这一理论支持了色散系统中光子速度不随M变化的实验证据。提升和降级以w为单位增加或减少螺旋频率。波包中的延迟波和超前波之间的相互作用的能量也与这些螺旋频率W =（M+1/2）w成比例，类似于普朗克定律。群速度和极化不受M值的影响。先进的波使相位和偏振沿着所有未来的路径被预测，并可能有助于解释延迟选择干涉和纠缠的实验结果，而不违反因果关系。
英文摘要：
A photon-like wavepacket based on novel solutions of Maxwell's equations is proposed. It is believed to be the first 'classical' model that contains so many of the accepted quantum features. In this new work, novel solutions to Maxwell's classical equations in dispersive guides are considered where local helical twists with an arbitrary angular frequency W modulate a classical mode (angular frequency w, group velocity vg). The modal field patterns are unchanged, apart from the twist, provided that the helical velocity vh equals vg. Pairs of resonating retarded and advanced waves with modal and helical frequencies (w,W) and (w,-W)respectively, trap one temporal period of the underlying classical mode forming a photon-like packet provided W = (M+1/2)w: 'Schrodinger' frequencies. This theory supports experimental evidence that the photon velocity does not change with M in dispersive systems. Promotion and demotion increase or decrease the helical frequencies in units of w. An energy of interaction between retarded and advanced waves in the wave-packet is also proportional to these helical frequencies W = (M+1/2)w similar to Planck's law. Group velocity and polarisation are unaffected by the value of M. Advanced waves enable phase and polarisation to be predicted along all future paths and may help to explain the outcomes of experiments on delayed-choice interference and entanglement, without causality being violated.
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