利用超短脉冲实现转动控制和同位素选择性排列
Rotational Control and Selective Isotope Alignment by Ultrashort Pulses
摘要：
强超短激光脉冲引起的迅速分子排列，其次是全，半和四分之一量子复苏的旋转波包。在四波混频（FWM）实验中，我们利用长时间连续的重复对齐恢复来证明不同同位素物种之间的同位素选择性对齐和时间分辨的歧视。对于两个同位素的转动惯量的比例相当，我们观察到建设性和相消干涉的四波混频信号来自不同的同位素。这种相消干涉作为不同同位素种类的不同瞬态角分布的指示，为新颖的时间分辨分析技术以及用于同位素分离的稳健方法铺平了道路。当使用两个脉冲时，根据脉冲之间的延迟，观察到旋转激发程度和相应分子排列程度的增强或降低。我们实施的双脉冲激发计划在一个二元同位素混合物，提高旋转激发的一个同位素成分，同时几乎完全减少了其他的旋转激发。
英文摘要：
Strong ultrashort laser pulses give rise to prompt molecular alignment followed by full, half and quarter quantum revivals of the rotational wave packets. In Four Wave Mixing (FWM) experiments, we make use of the long succession of repetitive alignment revivals to demonstrate isotope-selective alignment and time-resolved discrimination between different isotopic species. For two isotopes with a commensurate ratio of their moments of inertia, we observe constructive and destructive interferences of the FWM signals originating from different isotopes. Such destructive interference serves as an indication for distinct transient angular distributions of different isotopic species, paving the way to novel time-resolved analytic techniques, as well as to robust methods for isotope separation. When two pulses are used, enhancement or reduction of the degree of rotational excitation and of the corresponding molecular alignment is observed, depending on the delay between pulses. We implement the double pulse excitation scheme in a binary isotopic mixture, enhancing the rotational excitation of one isotopic component while almost totally reducing the rotational excitation of the other.
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