势垒隧穿中群延迟的意义：超光速群速度的再检验
The meaning of group delay in barrier tunneling: A re-examination of superluminal group velocities
摘要：
我们证明了隧穿过程中的群延迟不是穿越时间，而是通过势垒两端逃逸的存储能量或存储概率的寿命。因为它是一个与前向（透射）和后向（反射）通量相关联的寿命，所以在波包主要被反射的情况下，它不能用来定义前向传输的群速度。对于光子隧穿势垒，群延迟与驻留时间相同，驻留时间也是具有反射和透射分量的整个波函数的性质。重新解释了势垒隧穿中超光速群速度的理论预言和实验报道。
英文摘要：
We show that the group delay in tunneling is not a traversal time but a lifetime of stored energy or stored probability escaping through both ends of the barrier. Because it is a lifetime associated with both forward (transmitted) and backward (reflected) fluxes, it cannot be used to define a group velocity for forward transit in cases where a wavepacket is mostly reflected. For photonic tunneling barriers the group delay is identical to the dwell time which is also a property of an entire wave function with reflected and transmitted components. Theoretical predictions and experimental reports of superluminal group velocities in barrier tunneling are re-interpreted.
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