引力场中波导中中子的量子运动
Quantum motion of a neutron in a wave-guide in the gravitational field
摘要：
本文从理论上研究了在地球引力场中水平波导中中子的量子运动。所讨论的波导在下面装有一个反射镜，在上面装有一个粗糙的吸收体。我们证明了这样的系统作为一个量子滤波器，即它有效地吸收量子态具有足够高的横向能量，但传输低能量的状态。传输的态主要由地球的引力场与镜面形成的势阱决定。本文将吸收波导中量子运动的形式化描述应用于最近在地球引力场中观测中子量子态的实验。
英文摘要：
We study theoretically the quantum motion of a neutron in a horizontal wave-guide in the gravitational field of the Earth. The wave-guide in question is equipped with a mirror below and a rough absorber above. We show that such a system acts as a quantum filter, i.e. it effectively absorbs quantum states with sufficiently high transversal energy but transmits low-energy states. The states transmitted are mainly determined by the potential well formed by the gravitational field of the Earth and the mirror. The formalism developed for quantum motion in an absorbing wave-guide is applied to the description of the recent experiment on the observation of the quantum states of neutrons in the Earth's gravitational field.
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