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arXiv quant-ph/0511247quant-ph
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负信息的经典类比

A classical analogue of negative information

Jonathan Oppenheim, Robert W. Spekkens, Andreas Winter

摘要:

最近,人们发现将一方的状态与另一方的状态合并所需的“量子部分信息”由条件熵给出,该条件熵可以是负的[Horodecki,Oppenheim和Winter,Nature 436,673(2005)]。在这里,我们找到了一个经典的类似物,基于纠缠和共享的私人相关性之间的长期已知的关系:即,我们考虑一个私人分配举行的两方之间,并与一个参考系,并询问有多少秘密通信是需要一方发送她的分配给另一方。我们给这个任务的最佳协议,并发现,私人信息可以是负面的-发送者的分布可以转移和潜在的秘密发送未来的分布是通过蒸馏的秘密密钥。我们还讨论了类似于“量子态交换”的情形,发现交换一个量子态的代价比一方发送量子态的代价要小.结果给出了新的经典协议,并阐明了纠缠与隐私之间的各种关系.

英文摘要:

Recently, it was discovered that the `quantum partial information' needed to merge one party's state with another party's state is given by the conditional entropy, which can be negative [Horodecki, Oppenheim, and Winter, Nature 436, 673 (2005)]. Here we find a classical analogue of this, based on a long known relationship between entanglement and shared private correlations: namely, we consider a private distribution held between two parties, and correlated to a reference system, and ask how much secret communication is needed for one party to send her distribution to the other. We give optimal protocols for this task, and find that private information can be negative - the sender's distribution can be transferred and the potential to send future distributions in secret is gained through the distillation of a secret key. An analogue of `quantum state exchange' is also discussed and one finds cases where exchanging a distribution costs less than for one party to send it. The results give new classical protocols, and also clarify the various relationships between entanglement and privacy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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