量子束缚态在突然扰动下的瞬态现象
Transient Phenomena in Quantum Bound States Subjected to a Sudden Perturbation
摘要：
量子力学中的瞬态现象一直是作者之一（MM）所感兴趣的问题，本文着重讨论了势V_-在负时间内产生束缚态，在t=0时突然变为包含V_-和微扰项的势V_+的问题。一个例子是氘核（假设质子和中子通过振子势相互作用）受到突然的静电场的作用。对于t>0的分析可以借助于适当的费曼传播子来进行，并且我们得出这样的结果：核子之间的分离具有依赖于静电场强度的振幅，但是其周期仍然与为相互作用提出的振子频率的倒数有关。最后给出了求解这类任意问题的一般近似方法。
英文摘要：
Transient phenomena in quantum mechanics have been of interest to one of the authors (MM) since long ago and, in this paper, we focus on the problem of a potential V_- which for negative times gives rise to bound states and is suddenly changed at t=0 to a potential V_+ which includes V_- plus a perturbed term. An example will be the deuteron (where the proton and neutron are assumed to interact through an oscillator potential) submitted to a sudden electrostatic field. The analysis for t>0 can be carried out with the help of appropriate Feynmann propagators and we arrive at the result that the separation between the nucleons has an amplitude that depends on the intensity of the electrostatic field, but its period continues to be related with the inverse of the frequency of the oscillator proposed for the interaction. A general approximate procedure for arbitrary problems of this type is also presented at the end.
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