经典和量子电动力学中三维运动带电粒子的辐射反应
Radiation reaction on charged particles in three-dimensional motion in classical and quantum electrodynamics
摘要：
我们扩展了我们以前的工作（见arXiv：quant-ph/0501026），比较了量子电动力学关于辐射反应的预测与亚伯拉罕-洛伦兹-狄拉克理论关于带电粒子线性运动的预测。具体来说，我们计算的带电标量粒子的位置变化的预测，在三维空间中移动，由于辐射反应的影响，在量子电动力学的单光子发射过程。标量粒子被假定为在一个有限的时间内被一个只依赖于一个时空坐标的三维电磁势加速。我们在$\hbar\to 0$极限下进行了计算，结果表明，位置的变化与经典电动力学中的洛伦兹-狄拉克力作为微扰处理的结果一致。我们还表明，时间相关的，但空间无关的电磁势，前向散射振幅在$e^2$级不有助于在$\hbar \to 0$限制后的质量重整化的位置变化。
英文摘要：
We extend our previous work (see arXiv:quant-ph/0501026), which compared the predictions of quantum electrodynamics concerning radiation reaction with those of the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac theory for a charged particle in linear motion. Specifically, we calculate the predictions for the change in position of a charged scalar particle, moving in three-dimensional space, due to the effect of radiation reaction in the one-photon-emission process in quantum electrodynamics. The scalar particle is assumed to be accelerated for a finite period of time by a three-dimensional electromagnetic potential dependent only on one of the spacetime coordinates. We perform this calculation in the $\hbar\to 0$ limit and show that the change in position agrees with that obtained in classical electrodynamics with the Lorentz-Dirac force treated as a perturbation. We also show for a time-dependent but space-independent electromagnetic potential that the forward-scattering amplitude at order $e^2$ does not contribute to the position change in the $\hbar \to 0$ limit after the mass renormalization is taken into account.
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