arXiv quant-ph/04091792004-09-26quant-ph

纳米机电谐振器耦合超导量子比特：固态量子信息处理体系结构

Superconducting Qubits Coupled to Nanoelectromechanical Resonators: An Architecture for Solid-State Quantum Information Processing

Michael R. Geller, Andrew N. Cleland

备注：: 20 pages, 14 separate low-resolution jpeg figures
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.032311

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摘要：

我们描述了一种可扩展的固态量子信息处理架构的设计，该架构基于GHz频率纳米机械谐振器与约瑟夫森隧道结的集成，该谐振器有可能演示对量子计算至关重要的各种单量子位和多量子位操作。计算量子位是大面积电流偏置约瑟夫森结的本征态，使用选通的外部电路进行操纵和测量。这些相位量子位中的两个或更多个被电容耦合到高品质因数压电纳米机电盘谐振器，该谐振器形成了我们架构的支柱，并且能够实现量子位的相干耦合。集成系统类似于电磁腔（纳米机械谐振器）中的一个或多个少能级原子（约瑟夫森结量子比特）。然而，与现有的在电磁腔中使用原子的方法不同，这里我们可以单独调整“原子”的能级间距并控制它们的“电磁”相互作用强度。我们从理论上证明了在约瑟夫森结中制备的量子态可以传递到纳米机械谐振器并存储在那里，然后可以传递回原始结或以高保真度转移到另一个结。该谐振器还可以用来在一对约瑟夫森结之间产生最大纠缠的贝尔态。许多这样的结谐振器复合体可以组装成轴辐式布局，从而形成大规模的量子线路。我们提出的架构结合了固态和腔量子电动力学方法的理想功能，并可以使量子信息处理可能在一个可扩展的，固态的环境。

英文摘要：

We describe the design for a scalable, solid-state quantum-information-processing architecture based on the integration of GHz-frequency nanomechanical resonators with Josephson tunnel junctions, which has the potential for demonstrating a variety of single- and multi-qubit operations critical to quantum computation. The computational qubits are eigenstates of large-area, current-biased Josephson junctions, manipulated and measured using strobed external circuitry. Two or more of these phase qubits are capacitively coupled to a high-quality-factor piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical disk resonator, which forms the backbone of our architecture, and which enables coherent coupling of the qubits. The integrated system is analogous to one or more few-level atoms (the Josephson junction qubits) in an electromagnetic cavity (the nanomechanical resonator). However, unlike existing approaches using atoms in electromagnetic cavities, here we can individually tune the level spacing of the ``atoms'' and control their ``electromagnetic'' interaction strength. We show theoretically that quantum states prepared in a Josephson junction can be passed to the nanomechanical resonator and stored there, and then can be passed back to the original junction or transferred to another with high fidelity. The resonator can also be used to produce maximally entangled Bell states between a pair of Josephson junctions. Many such junction-resonator complexes can assembled in a hub-and-spoke layout, resulting in a large-scale quantum circuit. Our proposed architecture combines desirable features of both solid-state and cavity quantum electrodynamics approaches, and could make quantum information processing possible in a scalable, solid-state environment.

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