密度矩阵的仿射映射
Affine maps of density matrices
摘要：
对于由有限矩阵描述的量子系统，矩阵的线性映射和仿射映射提供了由更大系统中的酉哈密顿演化引起的子系统的密度矩阵演化的等价描述;仿射映射可以用线性映射代替，线性映射可以用仿射映射代替。使用仿射映射可能具有显著的优点。线性映射一般不是完全正的，但等价仿射映射的线性部分可以被选择为完全正的，并且以最简单的方式与更大系统中的酉哈密顿演化相关。
英文摘要：
For quantum systems described by finite matrices, linear and affine maps of matrices are shown to provide equivalent descriptions of evolution of density matrices for a subsystem caused by unitary Hamiltonian evolution in a larger system; an affine map can be replaced by a linear map, and a linear map can be replaced by an affine map. There may be significant advantage in using an affine map. The linear map is generally not completely positive, but the linear part of an equivalent affine map can be chosen to be completely positive and related in the simplest possible way to the unitary Hamiltonian evolution in the larger system.
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