快门，盒子，但没有粒子：量子理论中的时间对称性难题
Shutters, Boxes, But No Paradoxes: Time Symmetry Puzzles in Quantum Theory
摘要：
"N盒实验“是量子力学中一个备受讨论的思想实验。一些作者声称，在N+1个盒子位置的叠加中制备的单个粒子，并且经受与不同叠加相对应的最终“选择后”测量，可以说在中间时间内占据了“确定的”N个盒子。然而，其他人认为，经过更仔细的检查，这一令人惊讶的说法并不成立。Aharonov和Vaidman继续他们的主张，提出了一个N盒实验的变体，其中盒子被快门取代，并且预先和之后选择的粒子与光子纠缠。这些作者认为，由此产生的“N快门实验”加强了他们关于N盒实验的原始主张。本文认为，这种变化的明显令人惊讶的特征并不比N-box实验的特征更鲁棒，并且说粒子在任何给定时间都在所有N个快门中是“确定的”是不准确的。
英文摘要：
The ``N-Box Experiment'' is a much-discussed thought experiment in quantum mechanics. It is claimed by some authors that a single particle prepared in a superposition of N+1 box locations and which is subject to a final ``post-selection'' measurement corresponding to a different superposition can be said to have occupied ``with certainty'' N boxes during the intervening time. However, others have argued that under closer inspection, this surprising claim fails to hold. Aharonov and Vaidman have continued their advocacy of the claim in question by proposing a variation on the N-box experiment, in which the boxes are replaced by shutters and the pre- and post-selected particle is entangled with a photon. These authors argue that the resulting ``N-shutter experiment'' strengthens their original claim regarding the N-box experiment. It is argued in this paper that the apparently surprising features of this variation are no more robust than those of the N-box experiment and that it is not accurate to say that the particle is ``with certainty'' in all N shutters at any given time.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
