计算不可计算的
Computing the Noncomputable
摘要：
我们在量子计算的框架中探索可计算性的概念，这在数学和理论计算机科学中占有核心地位。利用量子绝热过程的量子算法被认为是希尔伯特第十问题，这是等价于图灵停机问题，已知是数学上不可计算的。广义量子算法也被认为是其他一些数学不可计算的相同和不同的不可计算类。所有这些算法的关键要素是物理可观测值和这些值的量子力学概率分布的可测量性。有人认为，可计算性，从而数学的限制，不应该只由数学本身，但也由物理原理。
英文摘要：
We explore in the framework of Quantum Computation the notion of computability, which holds a central position in Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science. A quantum algorithm that exploits the quantum adiabatic processes is considered for the Hilbert's tenth problem, which is equivalent to the Turing halting problem and known to be mathematically noncomputable. Generalised quantum algorithms are also considered for some other mathematical noncomputables in the same and of different noncomputability classes. The key element of all these algorithms is the measurability of both the values of physical observables and of the quantum-mechanical probability distributions for these values. It is argued that computability, and thus the limits of Mathematics, ought to be determined not solely by Mathematics itself but also by physical principles.
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