指针状态的鲁棒性和扩散
Robustness and diffusion of pointer states
摘要：
一个开放量子系统的经典性质是通过它与其他自由度的相互作用（退相干）而显现出来的。我们治疗的情况下，这种相互作用产生的马尔可夫主方程的系统。我们用三种方法导出了相应的区别局部基（指针基）。第一个要求指针状态尽可能接近局部非幺正演化。第二个条件要求局部熵产生最小。第三个强加的固有量子和新兴的经典不确定性的鲁棒性。所有这三种方法导致本地化的高斯指针状态，它们的形成和扩散由定义良好的量子朗之万方程。
英文摘要：
Classical properties of an open quantum system emerge through its interaction with other degrees of freedom (decoherence). We treat the case where this interaction produces a Markovian master equation for the system. We derive the corresponding distinguished local basis (pointer basis) by three methods. The first demands that the pointer states mimic as close as possible the local non-unitary evolution. The second demands that the local entropy production be minimal. The third imposes robustness on the inherent quantum and emerging classical uncertainties. All three methods lead to localized Gaussian pointer states, their formation and diffusion being governed by well-defined quantum Langevin equations.
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