波函数坍缩与守恒律
Wavefunction Collapse and Conservation Laws
摘要：
强调了标准量子理论的坍缩假设可能违反能量守恒守恒，并且没有指示能量动量从哪里来或到哪里去。同样，在连续自发局域化（CSL）动力学坍缩模型中，粒子平均获得能量。在CSL中，通常的薛定谔动力学被改变，使得随机波动的经典场与量子化粒子相互作用，导致波函数坍缩。本文给出了如何定义经典场的能量，使坍缩波函数系综的能量平均值{ \it}与经典场能量之和保持不变。当然，能量的第一矩守恒比完全的能量守恒要小得多，但这确实支持了这样一种观点，即当事件发生时，场可以提供守恒定律平衡。
英文摘要：
It is emphasized that the collapse postulate of standard quantum theory can violate conservation of energy-momentum and there is no indication from where the energy-momentum comes or to where it goes. Likewise, in the Continuous Spontaneous Localization (CSL) dynamical collapse model, particles gain energy on average. In CSL, the usual Schrödinger dynamics is altered so that a randomly fluctuating classical field interacts with quantized particles to cause wavefunction collapse. In this paper it is shown how to define energy for the classical field so that the average value of the energy of the field plus the quantum system {\it is} conserved for the ensemble of collapsing wavefunctions. While conservation of just the first moment of energy is, of course, much less than complete conservation of energy, this does support the idea that the field could provide the conservation law balance when events occur.
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