从宇宙Background Radiation到经典的量子跃迁
Quantum to Classical Transition from the Cosmic Background Radiation
摘要：
我们已经重新访问的Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber-Pearle（GRWP）的方法为宏观对象的状态矢量的连续动力学演化。我们主要关心的是恢复解耦的状态矢量动力学的质量中心（CM）和内部运动，在GRWP模型，但在标准宇宙学的框架内。在这方面，我们采取了与GRWP论点相反的方向，即宇宙背景辐射（CBR）起源于一个基本的随机撞击过程。我们假设CBR作为大爆炸的线索，在CM的状态矢量动力学和内部运动的解耦中发挥着主要作用。在我们的模型中，而不是描述一个连续的自发局域化（CSL）的大规模粒子系统提出的Ghirardi，Pearle和Rimini，伊藤随机方程帐户的干预的CBR上的质点系。本质上，这种方法导致CBR和粒子自由度的预主方程。CSL模型的能量守恒特性的原则的违反，以及避免额外的假设上的GRWP的本地化宽度的大小必要达到集体和内部运动之间的解耦。此外，现实的退相干时间的估计，表现出一个有趣的CBR温度的依赖关系，得到。从退相干时间的公式中，可以分析早期热宇宙和现在冷宇宙中从微观到宏观动力学的转变。分析了系统在退相干作用下的熵，讨论了突现的“指针基”。尽管没有强加一个特权的基础上，在我们的模型中的立场仍然出现在CSL模型中的首选观察。
英文摘要：
We have revisited the Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber-Pearle (GRWP) approach for continuous dynamical evolution of the state vector for a macroscopic object. Our main concern is to recover the decoupling of the state vector dynamics for the center-of-mass (CM) and internal motion, as in the GRWP model, but within the framework of the standard cosmology. In this connection we have taken the opposite direction of the GRWP argument, that the cosmic background radiation (CBR) has originated from a fundamental stochastic hitting process. We assume the CBR as a clue of the Big Bang, playing a main role in the decoupling of the state vector dynamics of the CM and internal motion. In our model, instead of describing a continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) of a system of massive particles as proposed by Ghirardi, Pearle and Rimini, the Itô stochastic equation accounts for the intervention of the CBR on the system of particles. Essentially, this approach leads to a pre-master equation for both the CBR and particles degrees of freedom. The violation of the principle of energy conservation characteristic of the CSL model is avoided as well as the additional assumption on the size of the GRWP's localization width necessary to reach the decoupling between the collective and internal motions. Moreover, realistic estimation for the decoherence time, exhibiting an interesting dependence on the CBR temperature, is obtained. From the formula for the decoherence time it is possible to analyze the transition from micro to macro dynamics in both the early hot Universe and the nowadays cold one. The entropy of the system under decoherence is analyzed and the emergent `pointer basis' is discussed. In spite of not having imposed a privileged basis, in our model the position still emerges as the preferred observable as in the CSL model.
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