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arXiv physics/9912010physics.class-phcond-matgr-qc
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弹性物质中的电动力

Electrodynamic forces in elastic matter

S. Antoci, L. Mihich

摘要:

本文提出了一种电磁场作用下弹性各向同性物质动力学的宏观理论。我们利用戈登的广义相对论推导亚伯拉罕的电磁能量张量作为出发点。物质的弹性和惯性行为的必要描述是通过胡克定律的四维推广来提供的,通过引入四维"位移“矢量而成为可能。正如Nordstroem所暗示的那样,电致伸缩和磁致伸缩的物理起源归因于物质变形引起的电磁本构方程的变化。部分的电磁拉格朗日量,取决于该变形的情况下,各向同性介质和所得到的表达的电致伸缩力的推导,从而显示如何更现实的运动方程的物质受到电磁场可以构造。

英文摘要:

A macroscopic theory for the dynamics of elastic, isotropic matter in presence of electromagnetic fields is proposed here. We avail of Gordon's general relativistic derivation of Abraham's electromagnetic energy tensor as starting point. The necessary description of the elastic and of the inertial behaviour of matter is provided through a four dimensional generalisation of Hooke's law, made possible by the introduction of a four dimensional ``displacement'' vector. As intimated by Nordstroem, the physical origin of electrostriction and of magnetostriction is attributed to the change in the constitutive equation of electromagnetism caused by the deformation of matter. The part of the electromagnetic Lagrangian that depends on that deformation is given explicitly for the case of an isotropic medium and the resulting expression of the electrostrictive force is derived, thus showing how more realistic equations of motion for matter subjected to electromagnetic fields can be constructed.

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