洛伦兹规范、粒子和反粒子的力学类比
Mechanical analogies for the Lorentz gauge, particles and antiparticles
摘要：
电磁场和粒子的精确类比可以在具有空隙的湍流理想流体的力学中找到。该系统应该在流体中形成空隙的精细分散。这种微观上不连续的介质被视为连续介质。湍流描述的雷诺应力。考虑了均匀各向同性湍流的扰动。对于高能低压湍流，它们通常很小。这需要雷诺方程的线性化。后者似乎同构于麦克斯韦电磁方程组。洛伦兹规范表示介质的轻微有效压缩性。一个粒子可以看作是介质中的一个空腔。相应的反粒子是用介质材料的凝聚物建模的。在微观上，这些对应于“涡流海绵”中的一些非线性涡流形成。
英文摘要：
An exact analogy of electromagnetic fields and particles can be found in mechanics of a turbulent ideal fluid with voids. The system is supposed to form a fine dispersion of voids in the fluid. This microscopically discontinuous medium is treated as a continuum. The turbulence is described in terms of the Reynolds stresses. Perturbations of the homogeneous isotropic turbulence are considered. For the high-energy low-pressure turbulence they are usually small. This entails the linearization of the Reynolds equations. The latter appear to be isomorphic to Maxwell's electromagnetic equations. The Lorentz gauge expresses the slight effective compressibility of the medium. A particle can be viewed as a cavity in the medium. A respective antiparticle is modeled with an agglomerate of the medium's material. Microscopically, these correspond to some nonlinear vortex formations in the "vortex sponge".
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