手征的力学性质及其生物学意义
Mechanical Aspect of Chirality and its Biological Significance
摘要：
手性不仅是生物学中的一种结构性人工制品，而且可能提供真正的生物学优势。这是由于手性相互作用（CI）的现象，这是在这里描述的机械手性设备。手征相互作用的主要力学特征是其从两个可能且相反的旋转方向中选择一个旋转方向的模式。例如，给定的手性装置（诸如旋转水喷洒器）在一个方向上旋转。相反方向旋转的是这个喷头的镜子。这种操作模式表明时空（PT）不变性，这使得它也是时间不可逆的。这也导致手性器件在微观水平上变得非遍历。这阻止了某些手性系统容易地达到热平衡，并导致系统的行为非遍历，这对于生命系统以及分子进化至关重要。
英文摘要：
Chirality is not just a structural artifact in biology but it may provide for a genuine biological advantage. This is due to the phenomenon of chiral interaction (CI) which is described here for mechanical-chiral devices. The main mechanical feature of chiral interaction is its mode of selecting one direction of rotation out of two possible and opposite ones. For example, a given chiral device such as a rotating water sprinkler, rotates in one direction. What does rotate in the opposite direction is the mirror of this given sprinkler. This mode of operation indicates space-time (PT) invariance which causes it to be also time-irreversible. This also causes a chiral device to become non-ergodic on microscopic level. This prevents certain chiral systems from readily reaching thermal equilibrium, and causes the system to act non-ergodically, which is crucial for living systems as well as for molecular evolution.
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