用于真空和低温应用的泰伯隔振器
Taber Vibration Isolator for Vacuum and Cryogenic Applications
摘要：
我们提出了一个被动的，多极的，机械的高停止隔振器的设计和施工程序。该隔离器由一堆金属盘组成，通过细线连接，衰减千赫范围内的频率，适用于真空和低温环境。我们推导出一个近似的分析模型，并比较其预测的正常模式的频率的有限元分析。该模型对于只涉及沿纵向轴的运动和绕纵向轴的旋转的模式是精确的，并且它给出了一个很好的近似描述的横向模式。这些结果表明，多级隔振器的高频特性很好地表征了单级的固有频率。从单级频率公式，我们得到的各种几何参数之间的关系的隔离器，以保证在所有自由度的衰减相等。然后，我们推导出一个给定的隔离器长度的衰减表达式，并发现最重要的限制因素是弹簧丝材料的弹性限度。对于我们的应用，这需要在1 kHz的250 dB的衰减，我们的模型指定了一个六阶段的设计，使用半径和厚度均约为2 cm的黄铜盘，由直径为25至75微米的3 cm钢丝连接。我们详细描述了这种隔离器的结构，并将单级的固有频率的测量值与分析模型和有限元软件包的计算值进行比较。对于沿纵轴的平移和绕纵轴的旋转，所有三个结果都在10%的精度范围内一致。
英文摘要：
We present a procedure for the design and construction of a passive, multipole, mechanical high-stop vibration isolator. The isolator, consisting of a stack of metal disks connected by thin wires, attenuates frequencies in the kilohertz range, and is suited to both vacuum and cryogenic environments. We derive an approximate analytical model and compare its predictions for the frequencies of the normal modes to those of a finite element analysis. The analytical model is exact for the modes involving only motion along and rotation about the longitudinal axis, and it gives a good approximate description of the transverse modes. These results show that the high-frequency behavior of a multi-stage isolator is well characterized by the natural frequencies of a single stage. From the single-stage frequency formulae, we derive relationships among the various geometrical parameters of the isolator to guarantee equal attenuation in all degrees of freedom. We then derive expressions for the attenuation attainable with a given isolator length, and find that the most important limiting factor is the elastic limit of the spring wire material. For our application, which requires attenuations of 250 dB at 1 kHz, our model specifies a six-stage design using brass disks of approximately 2 cm in both radius and thickness, connected by 3 cm steel wires of diameters ranging from 25 to 75 microns. We describe the construction of this isolator in detail, and compare measurements of the natural frequencies of a single stage with calculations from the analytical model and the finite element package. For translations along and rotations about the longitudinal axes, all three results are in agreement to within 10% accuracy.
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