P_2O_3光学暗晶格中能带分布的测量
Band Population Measurements in a Purely Optical Dark Lattice
摘要：
我们利用一个蓝色失谐激光场将原子的总角动量为F的基态同时耦合到两个角动量为F和F-1或F和F+1的激发态，建立了一个暗光晶格结构。原子被捕获在纯圆偏振的位置。冷却过程有效地将几乎一半的原子布居聚集在仅与光场弱耦合的最低能带中。两个最低能带的布居数达到70%。通过光学势的几何降低，得到了与反冲能相当的动能。带的人口直接映射到自由粒子的动量间隔的绝热释放。在亚反冲动量分辨率的实验中，我们测量的频带人口，并找到良好的绝对协议与理论计算的稳态频带人口。
英文摘要：
We create a dark optical lattice structure using a blue detuned laser field coupling an atomic ground state of total angular momentum F simultaneously to two excited states with angular momenta F and F-1, or F and F+1. The atoms are trapped at locations of purely circular polarization. The cooling process efficiently accumulates almost half of the atomic population in the lowest energy band which is only weakly coupled to the light field. The populations of the two lowest energy bands reaches 70%. Kinetic energies on the order of the recoil energy are obtained by adiabatically reducing the optical potential. The band populations are directly mapped on free particle momentum intervals by this adiabatic release. In an experiment with subrecoil momentum resolution we measure the band populations and find good absolute agreement with the theoretically calculated steady state band populations.
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