麻醉药、神经递质和抗生素对脂膜松弛过程的影响
The influence of anesthetics, neurotransmitters and antibiotics on the relaxation processes in lipid membranes
摘要：
在人工和生物膜的熔融转变附近，焓、面积、体积和浓度的波动增强。这导致域的形成，弹性常数的变化，渗透性的变化和弛豫过程的减缓。在这项研究中，我们使用压力微扰量热法研究弛豫时间尺度后，跳转到熔融过渡制度的人工脂质膜。这个时间对应于畴生长的特征速率。这些研究是在添加和不添加小分子如全身麻醉剂、神经递质和抗生素的单组分大单层和多层囊泡系统上进行的。这些药物与膜相互作用，影响熔点和轮廓。在所有系统中，我们发现热容和弛豫时间以简单的方式相互关联。最大弛豫时间取决于热容分布的协同性，并随着过渡的加宽而减小。出于这个原因，药物对域形成过程的时间尺度的影响可以根据它们对热容曲线的影响来理解。这允许在生物膜中的域形成过程的时间尺度的估计。
英文摘要：
In the proximity of melting transitions of artificial and biological membranes fluctuations in enthalpy, area, volume and concentration are enhanced. This results in domain formation, changes of the elastic constants, changes in permeability and slowing down of relaxation processes. In this study we used pressure perturbation calorimetry to investigate the relaxation time scale after a jump into the melting transition regime of artificial lipid membranes. This time corresponds to the characteristic rate of domain growth. The studies were performed on single-component large unilamellar and multilamellar vesicle systems with and without the addition of small molecules such as general anesthetics, neurotransmitters and antibiotics. These drugs interact with membranes and affect melting points and profiles. In all systems we found that heat capacity and relaxation times are related to each other in a simple manner. The maximum relaxation time depends on the cooperativity of the heat capacity profile and decreases with a broadening of the transition. For this reason the influence of a drug on the time scale of domain formation processes can be understood on the basis of their influence on the heat capacity profile. This allows estimations of the time scale of domain formation processes in biological membranes.
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